Selected Bibliography

©2007 Peter A. Piccione
All rights reserved.

Bibliographical entries are listed here first by general subject areas then by author. Click on any subject area in the list.

    Subject Areas:
  1. Ancient Egypt: General References and Encyclopedias
  2. General Egyptian Histories
  3. Individual Historical Topics
  4. Anthologies of Egyptian Texts and Literature (General)

  5. Geography, Land and Environment of the Nile Valley
  6. Nubia and the Kingdom of Kush
  7. Ethnology and Ethnological Issues: Egypt and Nubia

  8. Religion: General and Topical Studies
  9. Translations of Religious Texts
  10. Magic and Magical Practices
  11. Funerary Beliefs and Practices
  12. Temples, Priesthoods, Cult Practices and Temple Economy

  13. Akhenaten, Amarna and the Aten Religion
  14. Art, Architecture and Aesthetic Expression
  15. Calendars, Time-Keeping and Chronologies
  16. Ethics, Morality and Wisdom Literature
  17. Games, Sports and Athletics
  18. Historiography and Modern Perceptions of Ancient Egypt
  19. Kingship and the Royal Theology
  20. Land, Economy and Economic Institutions
  21. Law and Legal Issues (incl. Crime and Punishment)
  22. Literacy, Writing and Education
  23. Medicine and Medical Magic
  24. Sex and Sexuality
  25. Slaves and Slavery
  26. Society and Social Institutions
  27. Warfare and Military History
  28. Women: Social Status and Position

For a variety of essays on the topic of Egyptian history, society, culture, and archaeology, see Jack M.Sasson, editor, Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, four volumes (New York, Scribner, 1995-); (located on the reference shelves of the campus Library).

Ancient Egypt: General References and Encyclopedias

Baines, J. and Malek, J. Atlas of Ancient Egypt. New York: Facts on File, 1980.

Bard, K., editor. Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. London and New York: Routledge, 199.

Cambridge Ancient History. Eight volumes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Volume 1, part 1, Prolegomena and Prehistory, ed. I. E. S. Edwards et al. 1970.
Volume 1, part 2, Early History of the Middle East, ed. I. E. S. Edwards et al. 1971.
Volume 2, part 1, History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region c. 1800-1380 B.C., ed. I. E. S. Edwards et al. 1973.
Volume 2, part 2, History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region c. 1380-1000 B.C., ed. I. E. S. Edwards et al. 1975.
Volume 3, part 1, The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean World, tenth to eight centuries B.C., ed. J. Boardman et al. 1982.
Volume 3, part 2, The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C., ed. J. Boardman et al. 1991.

Cambridge History of Africa. Eight volumes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Volume 1, From the Earliest Times to c. 500 B.C., ed. J. D. Clark. 1982.
Volume 2, From c. 500 B.C. to A.D. 1050, ed. J. D. Fage. 1978.

Dawson, W. R and E. P. Uphill. Who Was Who in Egyptology. Third edition, revised by M. L. Bierbrier. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1995.

Lexikon der Ägyptologie, eds. Helck, W., E. Otto and W. Westendorf. Seven volumes. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1975-1989. (This is the professionals' encyclopedia of ancient Egypt. Some articles are in English, while others are in German or French. Use German and French dictionaries to look up foreign words. Even if you do not read German or French, all articles contain highly useful bibliographies.)

Manley, Bill. The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Egypt. London: Penguin Books, 1996.

Meyers, Eric M., editor. Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East. Five volumes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Redford, D. B. Pharaonic Kinglists, Annals and Day-Books: A Contribution to the Study of the Egyptian Sense of History. Mississauga: Benben Publications, 1986.

Redford, Donald B., editor. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Sasson, Jack M., editor. Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. Four volumes. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.


General Histories

Aldred, C. The Egyptians. Third edition, revised and updated by Aidan Dodson. London: Thames and Hudson, 1998.

Bagnall, R. S. Egypt in Late Antiquity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Bowman, A. K. Egypt after the Pharaohs. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986.

Brewer, Douglas J. and Emily Teeter. Egypt and the Egyptians. Second edition, revised. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. First edition, 1999.

Emery, W. B. Archaic Egypt. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1961.

Grajetzki, W. The Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: History, Archaeology and Society. Duckworth Egyptology Series. London: Gerald Duckworth & Company, 2006.

Grimal, N. A History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1992. Paper edition, 1994.

Harris, J. R., editor. The Legacy of Egypt. Second edition, revised. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Hayes, W. C. The Scepter of Egypt: A Background for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Two volumes. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Volume 1, From the Earliest Times to the End of the Middle Kingdom. 1953
Volume 2, The Hyksos Period and the New Kingdom. 1959.

Hoffman, M. Egypt Before the Pharaohs: The Historical Foundations of Egyptian Civilization. Revised edition. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991.

Kemp, B. Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization. London: Routledge, 1989.

Kitchen, K. A. The Egyptian Nineteenth Dynasty. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1977.

Kitchen, K. A. Pharaoh Triumphant: The Life and Times of Ramesses II. Warminster: Aris & Phillips Ltd., 1982.

Kitchen, K. A. The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100-650 B.C.). Third edition, revised with new Preface and Supplement. Warminster: Aris & Phillips Ltd., 1995.

Quirke, S. and Spencer, J. The British Museum Book of Ancient Egypt. London: Thames and Hudson, 1992.

Thompson, D. J. Memphis under the Ptolemies. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988

Trigger, B. G., Kemp, B. J., O' Connor, D., Lloyd, A. B. Ancient Egypt: A Social History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Reprinted 2006.


Individual Historical Topics

Aldred, Cyril. Egypt to the End of the Old Kingdom. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1965.

Altenmüller, H. and Moussa A. "Die Inschrift Amenemhets II. aus dem Ptah-Tempel von Memphis: Ein Vorbericht." Studien zur altägyptischen Kultur 18 (1991): 1-48.

Bietak, M. "Minoan Wall-Paintings Unearthed at Ancient Avaris." Egyptian Archaeology 2 (1992): 26-28.

Bietak, M. and Marinatos, N. "The Minoan Wall Paintings from Avaris." Ägypten und Levante 5 (1995): 49-62.

Bryan, Betsy M. The Reign of Thutmose IV. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.

Cline, E. H. "Amenhotep III and the Aegean: A Reassessment of Egypto-Aegean Relations in the 14th Century B.C." Orientalia, N.S. 56 (1987): 1-36.

Cohen, R. and Westbrook, R., eds. Amarna Diplomacy: The Beginnnigs of International Relations. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.

Edgerton, W. F. and Wilson, J. A. The Historical Records of Ramses III: The Texts in Medinet Habu Volumes I and II. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 12. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1936.

Gardiner, Alan H. The Royal Canon of Turin. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the Griffith Institute, 1959.

Hankey, V. "Egypt, the Aegean and the Levant." Egyptian Archaeology 3 (1993): 27-29.

Johnson, Janet. H., editor. Life in a Multi-Cultural Society: Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations 51. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1992.

Kantor, H. J. "The Early Relations of Egypt with Asia." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 1 (1942): 174-213.

Kantor, H. J. "Further Evidence for Early Mesopotamian Relations with Egypt." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 11 (1952): 239-50.

Kantor, H. J. "The Relative Chronology of Egypt and Its Foreign Correlations before the Late Bronze Age." In Chronologies in Old World Archaeology, ed. R. W. Ehrich, 1-46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.

Kantor, H. J. "The Relative Chronology of Egypt and Its Foreign Correlations before the First Intermediate Period." In Chronologies in Old World Archaeology, 2d edition, revised, 3-22. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kelley, A. L. "Cylinder Seals in Predynastic Egypt." Newsletter of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 4/2 (1973): 5-8.

Kelley, A. L. "The Evidence for Mesopotamian Influence in Predynastic Egypt." Newsletter of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 4/3 (1974): 2-11.

Malek, Jaromir. "The Annals of Amenemhet II." Egyptian Archaeology 2 (1992): 18.

Mark, S. From Egypt to Mesopotamia: A Study of Predynastic Trade Routes. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press; London: Chatham, 1997.

Murnane, W. J. Ancient Egyptian Coregencies. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 40. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977.

Murnane, W. The Road to Kadesh: An Historical Interpretation of the Battle Reliefs of King Sety I at Karnak. 2nd ed., rev. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations 42. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1990.

O'Connor, David B. and Cline, Eric H., editors. Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan Press, 1997.

Oren, E., editor. The Hyksos: New Historical and Archaeological Perspectives. University Museum Monograph 96. University Museum Symposium Series 8. Philadelphia: The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1997.

Smith, H. S. and Smith A. "The Kamose Texts." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache 103 (1976): 59-62.

Wachsmann, S. Aegeans in the Theban Tombs. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 20. Leuven: Peeters Publishers, 1987.

Ward, W. A. "Relations between Egypt and Mesopotamia from Prehistoric Times to the End of the Middle Kingdom." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 7 (1964): 1-45, 121-35.


Anthologies of Egyptian Texts and Literature (General)

Caminos, R. A. Late Egyptian Miscellanies. London: Oxford University Press, 1954.

Collier, M and Quirke, S. The UCL Lahun Papyri: Religious, Literary, Legal, Mathematical and Medical. BAR International Series 1209. London: Archaeopress, 2004.

Davies, B. G. Egyptian Historical Inscriptions of the Nineteenth Dynasty. Documenta Mundi, Aegyptiaca 2. Coronet Books, 1997.

Edgerton, W. F. and Wilson, J. A. The Historical Records of Ramses III: The Texts in Medinet Habu Volumes I and II. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 12. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1936.

Foster, J. L. Echoes of Egyptian Voices: An Anthology of Ancient Egyptian Poetry. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992.

Foster, J. L. Hymns, Prayers and Songs: An Anthology of Egyptian Lyric Poetry. SBL Writings from the Ancient World Series. Volume 8. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995.

Gardiner, A. H. Ancient Egyptian Onomastica. Three volumes. London: Oxford University Press, 1947. Reprinted 1968.

Hallo, W., editor. The Context of Scripture: Canonical Compositions, Monumental Inscriptions, and Archival Documents from the Biblical World. Four volumes. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1977-. Volume 1, Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World. 1977.

Lichtheim, M. Ancient Egyptian Literature: A Book of Readings. Three volumes. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Volume 1, The Old and Middle Kingdoms. 1975.
Volume 2, The New Kingdom. 1976.
Volume 3, The Late Period. 1980.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Moran, W. The Amarna Letters. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

Murnane, W. J. Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt. SBL Writings from The Ancient World 5. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995.

Parkinson, R. B. Poetry and Culture in Middle Kingdom Egypt: A Dark Side to Perfection. Continuum International Publishing Group, 2002.

Parkinson, R. B. Voices from Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Middle Kingdom Writings. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991.

Peden, A. J. Egyptian Historical Inscriptions of the Twentieth Dynasty. Documenta Mundi, Aegyptiaca 3. Paul Aströms, 1994.

Peden, A. J. The Graffiti of Pharaonic Egypt: Scope and Roles of Informal Writings (c.3100-332 BC). Probleme der Ägyptologie 17. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2001.

Pritchard, J. B., editor. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1950, 1955.

Quirke, S. Egyptian Literature 1800BC: Questions and Readings. Rev ed. GHP Egyptology. Golden House Publications, 2004.

Simpson, W. K., editor. The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, and Poetry. New Edition. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973.

Simpson, W. K., editor. The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, Stelae, Autobiographies, and Poetry. Third Edition. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.

Strudwick, N. C. Texts from the Pyramid Age, ed. R. Leprohon. Writings from the Ancient World 16. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2005.

Wente, E. F. Letters from Ancient Egypt. SBL Writings from the Ancient World Series. Volume 1. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990.

Wilkinson, T. A. H. Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and its Associated Fragments. Kegan Paul, 2000.


Geography, Land and Environment of the Nile Valley

Asensi Amorós, V. Geb: Geobotanical Bibliography of Egypt and Adjacent Countries for the Egyptologist. Triade Exploration, 2000.

Baer, K. "Land and Water in Ancient Egypt." Paper presented to the 28th International Congress of Orientalists. Special Congress Seminar A: Irrigation Civilizations, January 1971, Canberra. International Congress of Orientalists, 1971.

Baines, J. and Malek, J. Atlas of Ancient Egypt. New York: Facts on File, 1980.

Baz, F. el-. The Geology of Egypt. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1984.

Bell, B. "The Oldest Records of the Nile Floods." The Geographical Journal 136 (1970): 569-573.

Butzer, K. W. Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt: A Study in Cultural Ecology. Prehistoric Archaeology and Ecology Series. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.

Butzer, K. W. "Long-Term Nile Flood Variation and Political Discontinuities in Pharaonic Egypt." In From Hunters to Farmers, ed. J. D. Clarke and S. Brandt, 102-12. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.

Butzer, K. W. "Nil" [in English]. Lexikon der Ägyptologie. Vol. 1, eds. W. Helck, E. Otto and W. Westendorf, 480-484. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1982.

Collins, R. O. The Waters of the Nile: An Annotated Bibliography. London: Hans Zell Publishers, 1991.

Eyre, C. "Agricultural Cycle, Farming, and Water Management." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. M. Sasson, 175-190. Volume 1. New York: Scribner, 1995.

Hoffman, M. "The Two Lands: An Ecological Perspective." Chapter in Egypt Before the Pharaohs: The Historical Foundations of Egyptian Civilization, 23-32. Rev. ed. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991.

Kees, H. "The Countryside." Chapter Two in Ancient Egypt: A Cultural Topography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961. Sects. A-B, including: "The Nile and the Seasons." "Irrigation and Soil." 47-61.

Said, Rushdi. The Geology of Egypt. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1962.

Said, Rushdi, ed. The Geology of Egypt. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1990.

Sampsell, B. M. A Traveler's Guide to the Geology of Egypt. Cairo. The American University in Cairo Press, 2003.

Schenkel, W. Die Bewässerungsrevolution im Alten Ägypten. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Kairo. Mainz/Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1978.

Smith, H. S. "Society and Settlement in Ancient Egypt." In Man, Settlement and Urbanism, eds. P. J. Ucko, R. Tringham and G. W. Dimbleby, 705-20. London: Duckworth & Co., 1972.

Thompson, D. J. "Irrigation and Drainage in the Early Ptolemaic Fayyum." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 107-122. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.


Nubia and the Kingdom of Kush

Adam, S. "The Importance of Nubia: A Link Between Central Africa and the Mediterranean." In General History of Africa (Abridged Edition). Volume 2, Ancient Civilizations of Africa, ed. G. Mokhtar, 141-47. London: J. Curry for UNESCO, 1990.

Adams, W. Y. "Geography and the Population of the Nile Valley." In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 16-25. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

Adams, W. Y. "The Kingdom and Civilization of Kush in Northeast Africa." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 2, ed. Jack M. Sasson, 775-90. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward

Adams, W. Y. Nubia, Corridor to Africa. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.

Arkell, A. J. A History of the Sudan to A.D. 1821. Second edition. London: Athlone Press, 1961.

Bonnet, C. "Upper Nubia from 3000 BC to 1000 BC." In Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam, ed. W. V. Davies. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

Bourriau, J. "Relations Between Egypt and Kerma During the Middle and New Kingdoms." In Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam, ed. W. V. Davies. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

Bradbury, L. "Following Tuthmosis I on His Campaign to Kush." KMT: A Modern Journal of Ancient Egypt 3/3 (Fall 1992): 51-59, 76-77.

Cambridge History of Africa. Eight volumes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Volume 1, From the Earliest Times to c. 500 B.C., ed. J. D. Clark. 1982.
Volume 2, From c. 500 B.C. to A.D. 1050, ed. J. D. Fage. 1978.

Davies, W. V., editor. Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

Gratien, B. Les cultures Kerma: Essai de classification. Lille, 1978.

Hintze, F. "The Kingdom of Kush: The Meroitic Period." In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 89-105. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

Horton, M. "Africa in Egypt: New Evidence from Qasr Ibrim." In Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam, ed. W. V. Davies, 264-77. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

Kemp, B. "Fortified Towns in Nubia." In Man, Settlement and Urbanism, eds. P. J. Ucko, R. Tringham and G. W. Dimbleby, 651-56. London: Duckworth & Co., 1972.

Kemp, B. "The Nubian Forts." Extracts from Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization, 166-80. London: Routledge, 1989.

Leclant, J. "Egypt in Nubia During the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms." In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 62-73. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

Mokhtar, G., editor. General History of Africa (Abridged Edition). Volume 2, Ancient Civilizations of Africa. London: J. Curry for UNESCO, 1990.

Morkot, R. G. The Black Pharaohs: Egypt's Nubian Rulers. London: The Rubicon Press, 2000.

Morkot, R. G. "Nubia in the New Kingdom: The Limits of Egyptian Control." In Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam, ed. W. V. Davies, 294-301. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

O'Connor, D. "Early States Along the Nubian Nile." In Egypt and Africa: Nubia from Prehistory to Islam, ed. W. V. Davies, 145-65. London: British Museum Publications, 1991.

O'Connor, D. "Nubia Before the New Kingdom." In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 46-61. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

O'Connor, D. Nubia: Egypt's Rival In Africa. Philadelphia: University Museum, 1993.

O'Connor, D. and Reid, A. eds. Ancient Egypt in Africa. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.

Priese, K. "The Kingdom of Kush: The Napatan Period." In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 74-88. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

Redford, D. B. From Slave to Pharaoh: The Black Experience of Ancient Egypt. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.

Säve-Söderbergh, T. Aegypten und Nubien: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte altaegyptischer Aussenpolitik. Lund, 1941.

Säve-Söderbergh, T. "The Nubian Kingdom of the Second Intermediate Period." Kush 4 (1956): 54-61.

Säve-Söderbergh, T. Temples and Tombs of Ancient Nubia. London: Thames & Hudson, 1987.

Shinnie, P. L. "The Legacy to Africa." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 434-55. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Taylor, J. Egypt and Nubia. London: The British Museum, 1991.

Török, L. The Birth of an Ancient African Kingdom: Kush and Her Myth of the State in the First Millennium B.C.. Cahiers de Recherches de l'Institut de Papyrologie et d'Égyptologie de Lille, Supplement, n. 4. Lille: Université Charles-de-Gaulle, 1995.

Török, L. The Kingdom of Kush. Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten 31. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1997.

Török, L. "To the History of the Dodekaschoenos between ca. 250 B.C and 298 A.D." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 107 (1980): 76-86.

Trigger, B. G. History and Settlement in Lower Nubia. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 69. New Haven: Yale University, 1965.

Vercoutter, J. "The Iconography of the Black in Ancient Egypt from the Beginnings to the Twenty-fifth Dynasty." In The Image of the Black in Western Art. Volume 1, From the Pharaohs to the Fall of the Roman Empire, ed. J. Vercoutter, J. Leclant, F. M. Snowden and J. Desanges, 32-88, 291-92. New York: William Morrow, 1976.

Welsby, D. A. The Kingdom of Kush: The Napatan and Meroitic Empires. London: The Trustees of the British Museum, 1996.

Wenig, S. editor. Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.


Ethnology and Ethnological Issues: Egypt and Nubia

Batrawi, A. "The Racial History of Egypt and Nubia, Part I." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 75 (1945): 81-101.

Batrawi, A. "The Racial History of Egypt and Nubia, Part II." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 76 (1946): 131-56.

Berry, A. C. and Berry, R. J. "Origins and Relations of the Ancient Egyptians Based on a Study of Non-metrical Variations in the Skull." In Population Biology of the Ancient Egyptians, ed., D. R. Brothwell and B. A. Chiarelli, 199-208. New York, 1973.

Berry, A. C., Berry, R. J. and Ucko, P. J. "Genetical Changes in Ancient Egypt." Man n.s. 2 (1967): 551-68.

Brace, C. L., Tracer, D. B., Yaroch, L. A., Robb, J., Brandt, K. and Nelson, A. R. "Clines and Clusters Versus 'Race': A Test in Ancient Egypt and the Case of a Death on the Nile." Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 36 (1993): 1-31. Reprinted in Black Athena Revisited, ed. M. Lefkowitz and G. M. Rogers, 129-64. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.

Bard, K. "Ancient Egyptians and the Issue of Race." In Black Athena Revisited, ed. M. Lefkowitz and G. M. Rogers, 103-11. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.

Brothwell, D. R. and Chiarelli, B. A., editors. Population Biology of the Ancient Egyptians. New York, 1973.

[Devisse, J.] "Report on the Symposium on 'The Peopling of Ancient Egypt and the Deciphering of Meroitic Script.'" In General History of Africa (Abridged Edition). Volume 2, Ancient Civilizations of Africa, ed. G. Mokhtar, 33-61. London: J. Curry for UNESCO, 1990.

Johnson, Andrew L. and Lovell, Nancy C. "Biological Differentiation at Predynastic Naqada, Egypt: An Analysis of Dental Morphological Traits." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 93/4 (April 1994): 427-33.

Johnson, Andrew L. and Lovell, Nancy C. "Dental Morphological Evidence for Biological Continuity between the A-Group and C-Group Periods in Lower Nubia," International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 5 (1995): 368-76.

Leahy, A. "Ethnic Diversity in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 1, ed. Jack M. Sasson, 225-34. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Nielsen, O. V. "Population Movements and Changes in Ancient Nubia with Special Reference to the Relationship Between C-group, New Kingdom and Kerma." In Population Biology of the Ancient Egyptians, ed., D. R. Brothwell and B. A. Chiarelli, 31-46. New York, 1973.

Prowse, Tracy L. and Lovell, Nancy C., "Biological Continuity between the A- and C-Groups in Lower Nubia: Evidence from Cranial Non-metrical Traits." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 5 (June, 1995): 103-14.

Snowden, Jr., F. M. Before Color Prejudice: The Ancient View of Blacks. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1983.

Snowden, Jr., F. M. "Bernal's 'Blacks and the Afrocentrists." In Black Athena Revisited, ed. M. Lefkowitz and G. M. Rogers, 112-28. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.

Snowden, Jr., F. M. "Bernal's 'Blacks,' Herodotus and Other Classical Evidence." Arethusa, Special Issue: The Challenge of Black Athena (Fall, 1989): 97-109.

Snowden, Jr., F. M. Blacks in Antiquity; Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman Experience. Cambridge, Mass., Belknap Press, Harvard University Press, 1970.

Trigger, B. "Nubian, Negro, Black, Nilotic?" In Africa in Antiquity: The Arts of Ancient Nubia and the Sudan, ed. S. Wenig, 26-35. Volume 1, The Essays. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978.

Valbelle, D. and Bonnet, C. The Nubian Pharaohs: Black Kings on the Nile. Cairo and New York: American University in Cairo Press, 2006.

Yurco, F. "Were the Ancient Egyptians Black or White?" Biblical Archaeology Review (Sept/Oct, 1989): 24-29, 58.


Religion: General and Topical Studies

Allam, S. "Legal Aspects in the Contendings of Horus and Seth." In Studies in Pharaonic Religion and Society in Honour of J. Gwyn Griffiths, ed. A. B. Lloyd, 137-45. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1992.

Allen, J. P. Genesis in Ancient Egypt: The Philosophy of Ancient Egyptian Creation Accounts. Yale Egyptological Studies 2. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Allen, J. P. et al. Religion and Philosophy in Ancient Egypt. Yale Egyptological Studies 3. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Assmann, J. Egyptian Solar Religion in the New Kingdom: Re, Amun and the Crisis of Polytheism. London: Kegan Paul, 1995.

Assmann, J. Moses the Egyptian: The Memory of Egypt in Western Monotheism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997.

Bleeker, C. J. Egyptian Festivals: Enactments of Religious Renewal. Studies in the History of Religions 13. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1967.

Bleeker, C. J. Hathor and Thoth. Studies in the History of Religion 26. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1973.

Davis, W. "The Ascension-Myth in the Pyramid Texts." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 36 (1977): 161-79.

van Dijk, Jac. "Myth and Mythmaking in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1697-1710. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Frankfort, H. Kingship and the Gods: A Study of Ancient Near Eastern Religion as the Integration of Society ad Nature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1948.

Frankfort, H., Frankfort, H. A., Wilson, J. A. and Jacobsen, T. The Intellectual Adventure of Man: An Essay on Speculative Thought in the Ancient Near East. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1946. Reprinted as Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Man. Baltimore: Pelican (Penguin Books), 1949.

Germond, Philippe. Sekhmet et la protection du monde. Aegyptiaca Helvetica 9. Geneva: Editions de Belles-Lettres, 1981.

Griffiths, J. G. Triads and Trinity. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1996.

Guilmot, M. Les initiés et les rites initiatiques en Égypte ancienne. Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont, 1977.

Hornung, E. Conceptions of God in Ancient Egypt. Translated by J. Baines. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982.

Hornung, E. "The Discovery of the Unconscious in Ancient Egypt." Spring: An Annual of Archetypal Psychology and Jungian Thought 1986 (1986): 16-28.

Lorton, D. "The Theology of Cult Statues in Ancient Egypt." In Born in Heaven, Made on Earth: The Making of the Cult Image in the Ancient Near East, ed. M. B. Dick, 123-210. Winona Lake: Eisenbraun's, 1999.

Morenz, S. Egyptian Religion. Boston: Methuen & Co., 1973.

Pinch, G. Votive Offerings to Hathor. Oxford: Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, 1993.

Plutarch De Iside et Osiride. Edited and translated by J. Gwyn Griffiths. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1970.

Quirke, S. Ancient Egyptian Religion. London: British Museum, 1992.

Schafer, B. E. Religion in Ancient Egypt: Gods, Myths and Personal Practice. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Szpakowska, K. M. "The Perception of Dreams and Nightmares in Ancient Egypt: Old Kingdom to Third Intermediate Period." Doctoral thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 2000.

Szpakowska, K. M., ed. Through A Glass Darkly: Magic, Dreams and Prophecy in Ancient Eygpt. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2006.

Teeter, E. The Presentation of Maat: Ritual and Legitimacy in Ancient Egypt. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 57. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1997.

Wente, E. "Hathor at the Jubilee." In Studies in Honor of John A. Wilson, 83-91. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 35. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969.

Wente, E. "Mysticism in Pharaonic Egypt?" Journal of Near Eastern Studies 41 (1982): 161-79.

Wiener, M. and J. P. Allen. "Separate Lives: The Ahmose Tempest Stela and the Theran Eruption." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 57 (1998): 1-28.


Translations of Religious Texts

Allen, T. G. The Book of the Dead or Going Forth By Day. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 37. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

Assmann, Jan. Liturgische Lieder an den Sonnengott. Untersuchungen zur altägyptischen Hymnik I. Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 19. Berlin: Verlag Bruno Hessling, 1969.

Borghouts, J. F. Ancient Egyptian Magical Texts. Nisaba 9. Leiden: Brill, 1978.

Borghouts, J. F. The Magical Texts of Papyrus Leiden I 348 (= Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden 51 [1970]). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1971.

Edgerton, W. F. and Wilson, J. A. The Historical Records of Ramses III: The Texts in Medinet Habu Volumes I and II. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 12. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1936.

Edwards, I. E. S. Oracular Amuletic Decrees of the Late New Kingdom. 2 vols. Hieratic Papyri in the British Museum, 4th ser. London: The Trustees of the British Museum, 1960.

Eyre, C. The Cannibal Hymn: A Cultural and Literary Study. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press 2002.

Fairman, H. W., ed., trans. The Triumph of Horus: An Ancient Egyptian Sacred Drama. London: B. T. Batsford, 1974.

Faulkner, R. O. The Ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts. Three volumes. Warminster: Aris & Philips, 1973, 1977, 1978.

Faulkner, R. O. The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969.

Gardiner, Alan H. The Royal Canon of Turin. Oxford: Oxford University Press for the Griffith Institute, 1959.

Griffith, F. LI. and Thompson, Herbert. The Demotic Magical Papyrus of London and Leiden. 3 vols. London: H. Grevel and Co, 1904-09.

Jasnow, R. and Zauzich, K. Th. The Ancient Egyptian Book of Thoth: A Demotic Discourse on Knowledge and Pendant to the Classical Hermetica. 2 volumes. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 2005.

Klotz, D. Adoration of the Ram: Five Hymns to Amun-Re from Hibis Temple. Yale Egyptological Studies 6. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.

Lesko, L. H. The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Two Ways. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972. Reprinted 1977.

Parker, Richard. A Saite Oracle Papyrus from Thebes in the Brooklyn Museum [Papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.31. Brown Egyptological Studies 4. Providence: Brown University Press, 1962.

Piankoff, A. The Litany of Re. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 4. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964.

Piankoff, A. Mythological Papyri. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 3. New York: Bollingen Foundation, 1957

Piankoff, A. The Pyramid of Unas. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 5. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.

Piankoff, A. The Shrines of Tutankhamun. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 2. New York: Bollingen Foundation, 1955.

Piankoff, A. The Wandering of the Soul. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 6. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972.

Piankoff, A. and N. Rambova. The Tomb of Ramesses VI. Egyptian Religious Texts and Representations 1. New York: Bollingen Foundation, 1954.

Posener, Georges. Le Papyrus Vandier. Bibliothèque Générale 7. Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1985.

Smith, H. S. and A. Smith. "The Kamose Texts." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache 103 (1976): 59-62.


Magic and Magical Practices

Barb, A. A. "Mystery, Myth, and Magic." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 138-69. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Betz, H. D. The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation Including the Demotic Spells. Second edition. Volume One, Texts. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Borghouts, J. F. "Magical Practices among the Villagers." In Pharaoh's Workers: The Villagers of Deir el Medina, ed. Leonard H. Lesko, 119-130, 182-185. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.

Borghouts, J. F. "Witchcraft, Magic and Divination in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1775-1786. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Lloyd, A. B. "Magic, Dreams and Prophecy in Egyptian Narrative Literature." In Through A Glass Darkly: Magic, Dreams and Prophecy in Ancient Eygpt, ed. K. Szpakowska. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2006.

Pinch, G. Magic in Ancient Egypt. London: British Museum Press, 1994.

Ritner, R. K. The Mechanics of Ancient Egyptian Magical Practice. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 54. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1993.


Funerary Beliefs and Practices

Adams, B. Egyptian Mummies. Shire Egyptology Series. Volume 1. Aylesbury: Shire Publications, Ltd., 1984.

Allen, J. P. "Funerary Texts and Their Meaning." Chapter in Mummies and Magic: The Funerary Arts of Ancient Egypt, ed. S. D'Auria et al., 38-49. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1988.

Ikram, S. and A. Dodson. The Mummy in Ancient Egypt: Equipping the Dead for Eternity. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1998.

Iskander, Z. "Mummification in Ancient Egypt: Development, History and Techniques." In An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies, ed. J. E. Harris and E. F. Wente, 1-51. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.

Lesko, L. H. "Death and the Afterlife in Ancient Egptian Thought." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1763-1774. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Mummies and Magic: The Funerary Arts of Ancient Egypt. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1988.

Wente, E. F. "Egyptian 'Make Merry' Songs Reconsidered." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 21 (1962): 118-28.

Wente, E. F. "Funerary Beliefs of the Ancient Egyptians: An Interpretation of the Burials and the Texts." Expedition (Winter, 1982): 17-26.

Zandee, J. Death As an Enemy According to Ancient Egyptian Conceptions. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960.


Temples, Priesthoods, Cult Practices, and Temple Economy

Baines, J. "Palaces and Temples of Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 1, 303-318. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Blackman, A. M. and Fairman, H. W. "The Consecration of an Egyptian Temple According to the Use of Edfu." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 32 (1946): 75-91.

David, A. R. Religious Ritual at Abydos (c. 1300 B.C.). Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1973.

Edgerton, W. F. "The Nauri Decree of Seti I: A Translation and Analysis of the Legal Portion." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 6 (1947): 219-30.

Gardiner, A. H. "Some Reflections on the Nauri Decree." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 38 (1952): 24-33.

Gardiner, A. H. The Wilbour Papyrus. Four volumes. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum.
Volume 1, Plates. 1941.
Volume 2, Commentary. 1948.
Volume 3, Translation. 1948.
Volume 4, Index, ed. R. O. Faulkner. 1952.

Gillam, R. Performance and Drama in Ancient Egypt. Duckworth Egyptology series. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd., 2006.

Griffith, F. Ll. "The Abydos Decree of Seti I at Nauri." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 13 (1927): 193-206.

Haring, B. J. J. Divine Households: Administrative and Economic Aspects of the New Kingdom Royal Memorial Temples in Western Thebes. Leiden: Netherlands Insituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 1997.

Janssen, J. J. Grain Transport in the Ramesside Period: Papyrus Baldwin and Papyrus Amiens. London: British Museum Press 2004.

Janssen, J. J. "The Role of the Temple in the Egyptian Economy during the New Kingdom." In State and Temple Economy in the Ancient Near East, volume 2, ed. E. Lipinski, 505-15. Leuven, 1979.

Janssen, J. J. Two Ancient Egyptian Ship's Logs. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1961.

Kemp, B. "Temple and Town in Ancient Egypt." In Man, Settlement and Urbanism, eds. P. J. Ucko, R. Tringham and G. W. Dimbleby, 657-80. London: Duckworth & Co., 1972.

O'Connor, D. 'The Social and Economic Organization of Ancient Egyptian Temples." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 1, 319-330. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Quirke, S., ed. The Temple in Ancient Egypt: New Discoveries and Recent Research. London: British Museum Press, 1997.

Robins, G. "The God's Wife of Amun in the Eighteenth Dynasty in Egypt." In Image of Women in Antiquity. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1983.

Säve-Söderbergh, T. Temples and Tombs of Ancient Nubia. London: Thames & Hudson, 1987.

Sauneron, S. The Priests of Ancient Egypt. Translated by A. Morrisett. New York: Grove Press, 1980.

Schafer, B. E., ed. Temples of Ancient Egypt. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.

Spalinger, A. J. "Some Revisions of Temple Endowments in the New Kingdom." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 28 (1991): 21-40.

Spencer, P. The Egyptian Temple: A Lexicographical Study. London: Kegan Paul International, 1984.

te Velde, H., "Theology, Priests and Worship in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1731-1750. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Warburton, D. State and Economy in Ancient Egypt: Fiscal Vocabulary of the New Kingdom. Orbis Biblicus Orientalis 151. Fribourg: Editions Universitaires Fribourg, 1997.


Akhenaten, Amarna and the Aten Religion

Aldred, C. Akhenaten, King of Egypt. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1988.

Cohen, R. and Westbrook, R., eds. Amarna Diplomacy: The Beginnnigs of International Relations. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.

Cooney, J. D. Amarna Reliefs from Hermopolis in American Collections. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1965.

Cruz-Uribe, E. "Atum, Shu, and the Gods during the Amarna Period." Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 25 (1995): 15-21.

Davies, N. de G. The Rock Tombs of El Amarna. Six Volumes. Archaeological Survey of Egypt 13-18. London: Egypt Exploration Fund, 1903-1908.

Foster, J. L. "The Hymn to the Aten: Akhenaten Worships the Sole God." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1751-1762. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Gohary, J. Akhenaten's Sed-festival at Karnak. Studies in Egyptology. London: Kegan Paul International, 1992.

Griffiths, J. G. Triads and Trinity. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1996.

Johnson, W. R. "Images of Amenhotep III in Thebes: Styles and Intentions." In The Art of Amenhotep III: Art Historical Analysis, ed. L. M. Berman, 26-46. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1990.

Johnson, W. R. "The Revolutionary Role of the Sun in the Reliefs and Statuary of Amenhotep III." The Oriental Institute News and Notes 151 (Fall, 1996): 1-7.

Kemp, B. J. and Garfi, S. A Survey of the Ancient City of El-Amarna. Occasional Publications 9. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1993.

Martin, G. T. The Royal Tomb at El-Amarna. The Rock Tombs of El-Amarna 7. Two parts. Archaeological Survey of Egypt 35, 39. London: Egypt Exploration Society.
Part 1, The Objects. 1974
Part 2, The Reliefs, Inscriptions, and Architecture. 1994.

Moran, W. The Amarna Letters. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

Murnane, W. J. Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt. SBL Writings from The Ancient World 5. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995.

Murnane, W. J. and Van Siclen III, C. C. The Boundary Stelae of Akhenaten. Studies in Egyptology. London: Kegan Paul International, 1993.

O'Connor, David B. and Cline, Eric H., editors. Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan Press, 1997.

Parkinson, R. and Schofield, L. "Akhenaten's Army?" Egyptian Archaeology 3 (1993): 34-35.

Parkinson, R. and Schofield, L. "Images of Mycenaeans: A Recently Acquired Painted Papyrus from El-Amarna." In Egypt, the Aegean and the Levant: Interconnections in the Second Millennium BC, ed. W. V. Davies and L. Schofield, 125-26. London: British Museum, 1995.

Redford, D. B. Akhenaten, the Heretic King. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984 .

Redford, D. B. The Akhenaten Temple Project. Volume 1, Initial Discoveries. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1976.

Redford, D. B. The Akhenaten Temple Project. Volume 2, Rwd-Mnw and Inscriptions. Toronto: Akhenaten Temple Project, 1988.

Strudwick, N. and Strudwick, H. Thebes in Egypt: A Guide to the Tombs and Temples of Ancient Luxor. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.

Wilson, J. A. "Akh-en-aton and Nefertiti." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 23 (1973): 235.


Art, Architecture and Aesthetic Expression

Aldred, C. Egyptian Art in the Days of the Pharaohs. World of Art Series. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980. Reprinted, New York: Thames and Hudson, 1985.

Badawy, Alexandre. A History of Egyptian Architecture. Three volumes.
Volume 1, From the Earliest Times to the End of the Old Kingdom. Giza: [by the author], 1954. Reprinted London: Histories & Mysteries of Man, Ltd., 1990.
Volume 2, The First Intermediate Period, the Middle Kingdom, and the Second Intermediate Period. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.
Volume 3, The Empire (The New Kingdom: From the Eighteenth Dynasty to the End of the Twentieth Dynasty). Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968.

Edwards, I. E. S. The Pyramids of Egypt. 2d ed., rev. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, Ltd., 1961.

Frankfort, H. "The Origin of Monumental Architecture in Egypt." American Journal of Semitic Languages 58 (1941): 329-58.

Gronewegen Frankfort, H. A. Arrest and Movement: An Essay on Space and Time in the Representational Art of the Ancient Near East. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.

Hawass, Z. and Lehner, M. "The Passage under the Sphinx." In Hommages à Jean Leclant. Volume 1, ed. C. Berger, G. Clerc and N. Grimal, 201-15. Bibliothèque d'Etude 106/1. Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1994.

Hawass, Z. and Lehner, M. "The Sphinx: Who Built It and Why?" Archaeology (September/October 1994): 30-47.

Hornung, E. "Ancient Egyptian Religious Iconography." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1711-1730. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Lehner, M. The Complete Pyramids. London: Thames and Hudson, 1997.

[Metropolitan Museum of Art]. Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999.

Robins, G. The Art of Ancient Egypt. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997.

Russmann, E. R. Egyptian Sculpture: Cairo and Luxor. Photographs by David Finn. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1989.

Schäfer, H. Principles of Egyptian Art, ed. E Brunner-Traut, transl. John Baines. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.

Smith, W. S. and Simpson, W. K. The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt, 2nd ed. rev. Pelican History of Art. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1981.

Wilkinson, R. H. Reading Egyptian Art: A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture. London: Thames and Hudson, 1992.


Calendars, Time-Keeping and Chronologies

Beckerath, J. von. Chronologie des pharaonischens Ägyptens: Die Zeit bestimmung der ägyptischen Geschichte von der Vorzeit bis 332 v. Christ. Münchener Ägyptologische Studien 46. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1997.

Depuydt, L. Civil Calendar and Lunar Calendar in Ancient Egypt. Orientalia Lovaniensa Analecta 77. Leuven: Vitgeverij Peeters en Departement Oosterse Studies, 1997.

Gronewegen Frankfort, H. A. Arrest and Movement: An Essay on Space and Time in the Representational Art of the Ancient Near East. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.

Neugebauer, O. and Parker, R. Egyptian Astronomical Texts. Three volumes. Brown Egyptological Studies. Providence and London: Brown University Press and Lund Humphries.
Vol. 1, The Early Decans. Brown Egyptological Studies 3. 1960.
Vol. 2, The Ramesside Star Clocks. Brown Egyptological Studies 5. 1964.
Vol. 3, Decans, Planets, Constellations and Zodiacs. Pt. 1, Text. Pt. 2, Plates. Brown Egyptological Studies 6. 1969.
Parker, R. "The Calendars and Chronology." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 13-26. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Parker, R. The Calendars of Egypt. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 26. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1950.

Parker, R. A. "Sothic Dates and Calendar 'Adjustment.'" Revue d'Égyptologie 9 (1952): 101-108.

Parker, R. "The Sothic Dating of the Twelfth and Eighteenth Dynasties." In Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 39, ed. J. H. Johnson and E. F. Wente, pp. 177-190. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977.

Robins, G. "Mathematics, Astronomy, and Calendars in Pharaonic Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1799-1814. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Walsem, R. van. "Month-Names and Feasts at Deir el-Medina." In Gleanings from Deir el-Medina, ed. R. Demarée and Jac. Janssen, 215-44. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut, 1982.

Wente, E. F. and Van Siclen III, C. C. "A Chronology of the New Kingdom." In Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 39, ed. J. H. Johnson and E. F. Wente, pp. 217-262. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977.


Ethics, Morality and Wisdom Literature

Assmann, Jan."Weisheit, Loyalismus und Froemmigkeit." In Studien zu altägyptischen Lebenslehren, edited by Erik Hornung and Othmar Keel, pp. 11-72. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 28. Freiburg: Universitätsverlag; Goettingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1979.

Barns, John. "A New Wisdom Text from a Writing-board in Oxford." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 54 (1968): 71-76.

Buccellati, G. "Ethics and Piety in the Ancient Near East." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1685-1696. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Fox, Michael V. "Two Decades of Research in Egyptian Wisdom Literature." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 107 (1980): 120-35.

Jasnow, R. A Late Period Hieratic Wisdom Text (P. Brooklyn 47.218.135). Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 52. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1992.

Lichtheim, Miriam. Late Egyptian Wisdom Literature in the International Context. A Study of Demotic Instructions. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 52. Freiburg: Universitiitsverlag; Gbttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1983.

Lichtheim, Miriam. "Demotic Proverbs." In Grammata Demotika: Festschrift für Erich Lüddeckens zum 15. Juni 1983, edited by Heinz-J. Thissen and Karl-Tb. Zauzich, pp. 125-40. Würzburg: Gisela Zauzich Veriag, 1984.

Lichtheim, M. Moral Values in Ancient Egypt. Orbis Biblicus Orientalis 155. Fribourg: Editions Universitaires Fribourg, 1997.

Posener, Georges. L'Enseignement loyaliste: sagesse égyptienne du Moyen Empire. Centre de recherches d'histoire et de philologie de la IVe section de l'École Pratique des Hautes Études. Hautes Études Orientales 5. Geneva: Librairie Droz, 1976.

Posener, Georges and Saint Fare Garnot, Jean. "Sur une sagesse égyptienne de basse époque (Papyrus Brooklyn No. 47.218.135)." In Les Sagesses du Proche-Orient Ancien. Colloque de Strasbourg 17-19 Mai 1962, pp. 153-57. Travaux du Centre Études Supérieures. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1963.

Smith, Mark. "Weisheit, demotische" [in English]. In Lexikon der Aegyptologie, Vol. 6, cols. 1192-1204. Edited by Wolfgang Helck and Wolfhart Westendorf. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1986.


Games, Sports and Athletics

Borghouts, J. F. "The Evil Eye of Apopis." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 59 (1973): 114-50.

Decker, Wolfgang. Sports and Games of Ancient Egypt. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1990.

DeVries, C. "A Ritual Ball Game?" In Studies in Honor of John A. Wilson, 25-35. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 35. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1969.

Goyon, Jean-Claude. "Textes mythologiques II: Les Révélations du mystère des quatre boules." Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 75 (1975): 349-99.

Manniche, L. Music and Musicians in Ancient Egypt. London: British Museum Press, 1991.

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Egypt's Golden Age: The Art of Living in the New Kingdom 1558 B.C. - 1085 B.C. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1982.

Piccione, P. A. "The Gaming Episode in the Tale of Setne Khamwas As Religious Metaphor." In For His Ka: Essays Offered in Memory of Klaus Baer, edited by D. Silverman, 197-204. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations 55. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1994.

Piccione, P. A. "In Search of the Meaning of Senet." Archaeology Magazine 33/4 (July/August l980): 55-58.

Piccione, P. A. "Mehen, Mysteries and Resurrection from the Coiled Serpent." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 27 (1990): 43-52.

Piccione, P. A. "Sportive Fencing as a Ritual for Destroying the Enemies of Horus." In Gold of Praise: Studies on Ancient Egypt in Honor of Edward F. Wente, edited by E. Teeter and J. Larson, 335-49. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations 58. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 2000.

Wilson, J. "Ceremonial Games of the New Kingdom." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 17 (1931): 211-20.


Historiography and Modern Perceptions of Ancient Egypt

Dawson, W. R and E. P. Uphill. Who Was Who in Egyptology. Third edition, revised by M. L. Bierbrier. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1995.

Jeffreys, D. ed. Views of Ancient Egypt Since Napoleon Bonaparte: Imperialism, Colonialism and Modern Appropriation. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.

MacDonald, S. and Michael Rice, M., eds. Consuming Ancient Egypt. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.

Matthews, R. and Roemer, C. eds. Ancient Perspectives on Egypt. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.

Piccione, P. A. "Introduction," Ancient Records of Egypt, by James Henry Beasted. Vol. 1, The First through the Seventeenth Dynasties. Pp. xxix-xliii. Reprint. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2001.

Tait, J., ed. 'Never Had the Like Occurred': Egypt's View of its Past. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.

Ucko, P. and Champion, T., eds. The Wisdom of Ancient Egypt: Changing Visions Through the Ages. Encounters with Ancient Egypt Series. London: University College London Press, 2003.


Kingship and the Royal Theology

Frankfort, H. Kingship and the Gods: A Study of Ancient Near Eastern Religion as the Integration of Society ad Nature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1948.

Gardiner, A. H. The Royal Canon of Turin. Oxford: Griffith Institute, 1959. Reprinted Warminster: Aris & Phillips Ltd., 1987. Reissued 1997.

Goyon, Jean-Claude. Confirmation du pouvoir royal au nouvel an [Brooklyn Museum Papyrus 47.218.50]. 2 vols. Bibliothèque d'Étude 52 and Wilbour Monographs 7. Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale; New York: The Brooklyn Museum, 1972-74.

Griffiths, J. Gwyn. The Conflict of Horus and Seth from Egyptian and Classical Sources. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1960.

Leprohon, R. J. "Royal Ideology and State Administration in Pharaonic Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 1, 273-288. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

O'Connor, David B. and Cline, Eric H., editors. Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan Press, 1997.

Smith, H. S. and Smith A. "The Kamose Texts." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache 103 (1976): 59-62.


Land, Economy and Economic Institutions

Allen, James P. The Heqanakht Papyri. Publications of the Metropolitan Museum Egyptian Expedition 27. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002.

Baer, Klaus. "A Deed of Endowment in a Letter of the Time of Ppjj I." Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache 93 (1966): 1-9.

Baer, Klaus. "An Eleventh Dynasty Farmer"s Letters to His Family." Journal of the American Oriental Society 83 (1963): 1-19.

Baer, Klaus. "The Low Price of Land in Ancient Egypt." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 1 (1962): 25-45.

Bleiberg, E. "The Economy of Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 3, ed. Jack M. Sasson, 1373-85. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward

Bleiberg, Edward. The Official Gift in Ancient Egypt. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.

Bleiberg, E. "The Redistributive Economy in New Kingdom Egypt: An Examination of b3kw(t)." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 25 (1988): 157-68.

Bowman, A. K. and E. Rogan. "Agriculture in Egypt from Pharaonic to Modern Times." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 1-32. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Caminos, R. A. Late Egyptian Miscellanies. London: Oxford University Press, 1954.

Edgerton, W. F. "The Nauri Decree of Seti I: A Translation and Analysis of the Legal Portion." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 6 (1947): 219-30.

Eyre, C. J. "The Village Economy im Pharaonic Egypt." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 33-60. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Gardiner, A. H. "Ramesside Texts Relating to the Taxation and Transport of Corn." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 27 (1941): 19-73.

Gardiner, A. H. "Some Reflections on the Nauri Decree." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 38 (1952): 24-33.

Gardiner, A. H. The Wilbour Papyrus. Four volumes. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum.
Volume 1, Plates. 1941.
Volume 2, Commentary. 1948.
Volume 3, Translation. 1948.
Volume 4, Index, ed. R. O. Faulkner. 1952.

Goedicke, Hans, editor. Studies in the Hekanakhte Papers. Baltimore: Halgo, Inc., 1984.

Griffith, F. Ll. "The Abydos Decree of Seti I at Nauri." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 13 (1927): 193-206.

James, T. G. H. The Hekanakhte Papers and Other Early Middle Kingdom Documents. Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition 29. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1962.

Janssen, J. J. "Agrarian Administration in Egypt during the Twentieth Dynasty." Bibliotheca Orientalis 43 (1986): 351-66.

Janssen, J. J. Commodity Prices from the Ramessid Period, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975.

Janssen, J. J. Grain Transport in the Ramesside Period: Papyrus Baldwin and Papyrus Amiens. London: British Museum Press 2004.

Janssen, J. J. "Prolegomena to the Study of Egypt's Economic History during the New Kingdom." Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 3 (1975): 127-85.

Janssen, J. J. "The Role of the Temple in the Egyptian Economy during the New Kingdom." In State and Temple Economy in the Ancient Near East. Volume 2, ed. E. Lipinski, 505-15. Leuven, 1979.

Janssen, J. J. "Die Struktur der pharaonischen Wirtschaft." Göttinger Miszellen 48 (1981): 59-77.

Janssen, J. J. Two Ancient Egyptian Ship's Logs. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1961.

Katary, S. L. D. "Land Tenure in the New Kingdom: The Role of Women, Smallholders and the Military." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 61-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Kemp, B. "Temple and Town in Ancient Egypt." In Man, Settlement and Urbanism, eds. P. J. Ucko, R. Tringham and G. W. Dimbleby, 657-80. London: Duckworth & Co., 1972.

Leprohon, R. J. "Royal Ideology and State Administration in Pharaonic Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 1, ed. Jack M. Sasson, 273-288. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Manning, J. G. "The Land Tenure Regime in Ptolemaic Upper Egypt." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 83-105. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Manning, J. G. and Morris, I., eds. The Ancient Economy: Evidence and Models. Social Science History. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005.

O'Connor, D. "The Social and Economic Organization of Ancient Egyptian Temples." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 1, 319-330. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Spalinger, A. J. "Notes on the Day Summary Accounts of P. Bulaq 18 and the Intradepartmental Transfers." Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 12 (1985): 179-241.

Spalinger, A. J. "Some Revisions of Temple Endowments in the New Kingdom." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 28 (1991): 21-40.

Warburton, D. State and Economy in Ancient Egypt: Fiscal Vocabulary of the New Kingdom. Orbis Biblicus Orientalis 151. Fribourg: Editions Universitaires Fribourg, 1997.


Law and Legal Issues

Allam, S. "Legal Aspects in the Contendings of Horus and Seth." In Studies in Pharaonic Religion and Society in Honour of J. Gwyn Griffiths, ed. A. B. Lloyd, 137-45. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1992.

Boorn, G. P. F. van den. The Duties of the Vizier: Civil Administration in the Early New Kingdom. London: Kegan Paul International, 1988.

Eyre, C. J. "Crime and Adultery in Ancient Egypt." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 70 (1984): 92-105.

Hayes, W. C. A Papyrus of the Late Middle Kingdom in the Brooklyn Museum. Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1955. Reprinted 1972.

Lorton, D. "Legal and Social Institutions of Pharaonic Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 1, ed. Jack M. Sasson, 345-362. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.

Lorton, D. "The Treatment of Criminals in the Ancient World." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 20 (1977): 2-64.

McDowell, A. G. Jurisdiction in the Workmen's Community of Deir el-Medina. Egyptologische Uitgaven 5. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 1990.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Menu, B. Nouvelles recherches sur l'histoire juridique, économique et sociale de l'ancienne Egypte. l'Harmattan, 2004.

Menu, B. Recherches sur l'histoire juridique, économique et sociale. Bibliothèeque d'Étude 122. Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1998.

Peet, T. E. The Great Tomb-robberies of the Twentieth Egyptian Dynasty. Reprinted, Hildesheim: Olms, 1977.

Pestman, P. W. Marriage and Matrimonial Property in Ancient Egypt: A Contribution to Establishing the Legal Position of the Woman. Papyrologica Lugduno-Batava 9. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1961.

Théodoridés, A. "The Concept of Law in Ancient Egypt." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 291-322. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Tyldesley, J. Judgement of the Pharaoh: Crime and Punishment in Ancient Egypt. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2000.

Willems, H. "Crime, Cult and Capital Punishment (Mo'alla Inscription 8)." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 76 (1990): 27-54.


Literacy, Writing and Education

For a variety of essays on this topic, see Jack M.Sasson, editor, Civilizations of the Ancient Near East 4, pt. 9, "Language, Writing, and Literature," 2135-2264 passim.

Baines, J. "Literacy and Ancient Egyptian Society." Man n.s. 18 (1983): 572-99.

Baines, J. "Literacy, Social Organization, and the Archaeological Record: The Case of Early Egypt." In State and Society: The Emergence and Development of Social Hierarchy and Political Centralization. One World Archaeology 4. London and New York: Routledge, 1995.

Baines, J. and Eyre, C. "Four Notes on Literacy." Göttinger Miszellen 61 (1983): 65-96.

Bryan, B. "The Evidence for Female Literacy from Theban Tombs of the New Kingdom." Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar 6 (1984): 17-32.

Caminos, R. A. Late Egyptian Miscellanies. London: Oxford University Press, 1954.

Caminos, R. A. "The Recording of Inscriptions and Scenes in Tombs and Temples." In Ancient Egyptian Epigraphy and Palaeography. Second edition, 3-25. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1979.

Cerný, J. "Language and Writing." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 197-219. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Darnell, J. C. "Die fruehalphabetischen Inschriften im Wadi el-Hol." In Der Turmbau zu Babel: Ursprung und Vielfalt von Sprache und Schrift: eine Ausstellung des Kunsthistorischen Museums Wien fuer die EuropŠische Kulturhauptstadt Graz 2003: Schloss Eggenberg, Graz 5. April bis 5. Oktober 2003, ed. W. Seipel, 165-172. Schriften des Kunsthistorischen Museums 3a. Vienna; Kunsthistorisches Museum and Milan: Skira, 2003.

Darnell, J. C. and D. Darnell. Theban Desert Road Survey in the Egyptian Western Desert. Volume 1, Gebel Tjauti Rock Inscriptions 1-45 and Wadi El-Hol Rock Inscriptions 1-45. Oriental Institute Publications 119. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2002.

Davies, W. V. Egyptian Hieroglyphs. Reading the Past. Volume 6. Berkeley: University of California Press and The British Museum, 1987.

Davies, W. V. "Egyptian Hieroglyphs". In Reading the Past: Ancient Writing from Cuneiform to the Alphabet. London: The British Museum Press, 1990.

Fischer, H. G. "Archaeological Aspects of Epigraphy and Palaeography." In Ancient Egyptian Epigraphy and Palaeography. Second edition. 29-50. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1979.

Fischer, H. G. The Orientation of Hieroglyphs. Part 1, Reversals. Egyptian Studies 2. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1977.

Gardiner, A. H. Introduction to Egyptian Grammar, 3rd ed., rev. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969. 5-10.

Gelb, I. J. A Study of Writing. Second edition, revised. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963.

Isserlin, B. "The Transfer of the Alphabet to the Greeks: The State of the Documentation." In Phoinikea Grammata: Actes du Colloque de Liège 15-18 Novembre 1989, ed. Cl. Baurain et al., 283-91. Collections d'études classiques, vol. 6. Namur: Societé des Études Classiques, 1991.

Iversen, E. "The Hieroglyphic Tradition." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 170-96. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Millard, A. R. "The Infancy of the Alphabet." World Archaeology 17 (1986): 390-398.

Parkinson, R. Cracking Codes: The Rosetta Stone and Decipherment. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.

Parkinson, R. and S. Quirke. Papyrus. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995.

Posener, G. "Literature." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 220-256. Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Ray, J. D. "The Emergence of Writing in Egypt." World Archaeology 17 (1986): 307-316.

Williams, R. J. "Scribal Training in Ancient Egypt." Journal of the American Oriental Society 92 (1972): 214-221.


Medicine and Medical Magic

Allen, J. P. The Art of Medicine in Ancient Egypt. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Yale University Press, 2005.

Bardinet, T. Les papyrus médicaux de l'Egypte pharaonique: Traduction intégrale et commentaire. Penser la Médecine. Paris: Librarie Arthème Fayard, 1995.

Clagett, M. Ancient Egyptian Science: A Source Book. Vol. 1, Knowledge and Order. Vol. 2, Calendars, Clocks, and Astronomy. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society,1989.

Ebeid, N. I. Egyptian Medicine in the days of the Pharaohs. Cairo: General Egyptian Book Organization, [1999]. Estes, J. W. The Medical Skills of Ancient Egypt. Rev. ed. Canton, MA: Science History Publications, 1993.

Filer, J. Disease. Egyptian Bookshelf Series. London: British Museum, 1995.

Germer, R. Die Heilpflanzen der Ägypter. Artemis and Winkler, 2002.

Ghalioungui, P. The House of Life, Per Ankh: Medicine and Magic in Ancient Egypt. 2nd ed., rev. Amsterdam: B. M. Israel Boekhandel, 1973.

Ghalioungui, P. "Medicine in Ancient Egypt." In An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies, ed. J. E. Harris and E. F. Wente, 52-98. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.

Ghalioungui, P. The Physicians of Pharaonic Egypt. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Kairo Sonderschrift 10. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1983.

Griffith, F. Ll. The Petrie Papyri: Hieratic Papyri from Kahun and Gurob. London: Bernard Quaritch, 1898.

Harris, J. R. "Medicine." Chapter in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 112-37. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Iversen, E. Papyrus Carlsberg No. VIII with Some Remarks on the Egyptian Origin of Some Popular Birth Prognoses. Det Kongelige danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Historisk-filologiske Meddelelser. Volume. 26, no. 5. København: E. Munksgaard, 1939.

Kákosy, L. "Ouroboros on Magical Healing Statues." In Hermes Aegyptiacus: Egyptological Studies for B. H. Stricker on His 85th Birthday, ed. T. DuQuesne, 123-29. Discussions in Egyptology Special No. 2. Oxford: DE Publications, 1995.

Kákosy, L. "Some Problems of the Magical Healing Statues." In La magia in Egitto ai tempi dei faraoni. Atti Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Milano 29-31 Ottobre 1985, ed. A. Roccati and A. Siliotti, 171-80. Milan: Rassegna Internazionale Cinematografia Archeologica Arte e Natura Libri, 1987.

Leitz, C. Magical and Medical Papyri of the New Kingdom. Hieratic Papyri in the British Museum. Volume 7. London: The British Museum Press, 1999.

Nunn, J. F. Ancient Egyptian Medicine. London: British Museum, 1996; Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.

Reymond, E. A. E. From the Contents of the Libraries of the Suchos Temples in the Fayyum. Part 1, A Medical Book from Crocodilopolis: P. Vindob. D.6257. Mitteilungen aus der Papyrussammlung der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek 10. Vienna: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 1976.

Ritner, R. "Horus on the Crocodiles: A Juncture of Religion and Magic in Late Dynastic Egypt." In Religion and Philosophy in Ancient Egypt, by J. P. Allen, J. Assmann. A. B. Lloyd, R. K. Ritner and D. P. Silverman, 103-16. Yale Egyptological Studies 3. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Ritner, R. "Religion vs. Magic. The Evidence of the Magical Statue Bases." In The Intellectual Heritage of Egypt: Studies Presented to László Kákosy by Friends and Colleagues on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday, ed. U. Luft, 495-501. Studia Aegyptiaca 14. Budapest: Innova Press, 1992.

Ritner, R. "A Uterine Amulet in the Oriental Institute Collection." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 43 (1984): 209-221.

Stevens, J. M. "Gynaecology from Ancient Egypt: The Papyrus Kahun: A Translation of the Oldest Treatise on Gynaecology that has Survived the Ancient World." Medical Journal of Australia 21 (December 1975): 949-52.

Walker, C. "Rx--the Eye of Horus." Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 26/1 (January 1992): 102.

Walker, J. "Egyptian Medicine and the Gods." Bulletin of the Australian Centre of Egyptology 4 (1993): 83-101.

Walker, J. "The Place of Magic in the Practice of Medicine in Ancient Egypt." Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology 1 (1990): 85-95.

Walker, R. E. "The Veterinary Papyrus of Kahun: A Revised Translation and Interpretation of the Ancient Egyptian Treatise Known as the Veterinary Papyrus of Kahun." Veterinary Record 75 (1964): 198-200.

Weeks, K. R. "Ancient Egyptian Dentistry." In An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies, ed. J. E. Harris and E. F. Wente, 99-121. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.

Weeks, K. "Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, vol. 3, 1787-1798. New York: Scribner, 1995 onward.


Sex and Sexuality

Androutsos, G. and Marketos, S. "La sexualité dans l'ancienne Égypte." Progrès en Urologie 4 (October, 1994): 715-25.

van Dijk, Jac. "The Nocturnal Wanderings of King Neferkare." In Hommages à Jean Leclant. Volume 4, Varia, ed. Catherine Berger, Gisele Clerc and Nicolas Grimal, 387-394. Bibliothèque d'Etude, vol. 106. Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1994.

Jonckheere, F. "Subincisions et excision? Mutilations sexuelles pharaoniques?" Histoire de la Médecine: Revue Technique et Historique Destinée au Corps Médicale 1/9 (December 1951): 3-7.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Manniche, L. "Some Aspects of Ancient Egyptian Sexual Life." Acta Orientalia 38 (1977): 11-23.

Manniche, L. Sexual Life in Ancient Egypt. New York and London: Kegan Paul International, 1987.

Montserrat, D. Sex and Society in Greco-Roman Egypt. New York and London: Kegan Paul International, 1996.

Mysliwiec, K. Eros on the Nile. Translated by G. L. Packer. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004.

Omlin, J. A. Der Papyrus 55001 und seine satirisch-erotischen Zeichnungen und Inschriften. Catalogo. Serie 1: Monumenti e Testi 3. Turin: Edizione d'Arte Fratelli Pozzo, 1973.

Parkinson, R. B. "'Homosexual' Desire and Middle Kingdom Literature." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 81 (1995): 57-76.


Slaves and Slavery

Allam, S. "Slaves" in Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Pp. 293-296.

Bakir, A. M. Slavery in Pharaonic Egypt. Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte. Cahier 18. Cairo: Imprimerie de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 1952. Reprinted Cairo: L'Organisation Égyptienne Générale du Livre, 1978.

Cruz-Uribe, E. "Slavery in Egypt during the Saite and Persian Periods." Revue Internationale des Droits de l'Antiquité 29 (1982): 47-71.

Gundlach, R. Die Zwangsumsiedlung auswärtiger Bevölkerung als Mittel ägyptischer Politik bis zum Ende des Mittleren Reiches. Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 26. Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag, 1994.

Leahy, A. "Ethnic Diversity in Ancient Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, 225-234. Volume 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1995.

Menu, B. "Les rapports de dépendance en Égypte à l'époque saïte et perse." Revue Historique de Droit Français et Étranger 55 (1977): 391-401.

Menu, B. "Les rapports de dépendance en Égypte à l'époque saïte et perse." In Acts. First International Congress of Egyptology, Cairo, October 2-10, 1976. Edited by Walter F. Reineke, 477-482. Schriften zur Geschichte and Kultur des Alten Orients 14. Berlin, Akademie-Verlag, 1979.


Society and Social Institutions

Boorn, G. P. F. van den. The Duties of the Vizier: Civil Administration in the Early New Kingdom. London: Kegan Paul International, 1988.

Bourriau, J. and Jacke Phillips, J., eds. Invention and Innovation: The Social Context of Technological Change II: Egypt, the Aegean and the Near East, 1650-1150 B.C. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2004.

Demarée, R. and J. J. Janssen, eds. Gleanings from Deir el-Medina. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut, 1982.

Gillam, R. Performance and Drama in Ancient Egypt. Duckworth Egyptology series. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd., 2006.

Janssen, R. M. and J. J. Janssen. Getting Old in Ancient Egypt. London: Rubicon Press, 1990. Reprinted 1996.

Janssen, R. M. and J. J. Janssen. Growing Up in Ancient Egypt. London: Rubicon Press, 1990. Reprinted 1996.

Lesko, L. H. ed., Pharaoh's Workers: The Villagers of Deir el Medina. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Meskell, L. Archaeologies of Social Life. London: Blackwell Publishing, 1999.

Meskell, L. Object Worlds in Ancient Egypt. Materliazing Culture Series. Berg Publications, 2004.

Roth, A. "Initiation: Phyle Membership and Circumcision." In Egyptian Phyles of the Old Kingdom: The Evolution of a System of Social Organization, 62-72. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 48. Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1991.

Shortland, A., ed. The Social Context of Technological Change in Egypt and the Near East, 1650-1550 BC. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2001.


Warfare and Military History

Hamblin, W. J. Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC: Holy Warrior at the Dawn of History. Warfare and History Series. Routledge, 2006.

Hasel, M. G. Domination and Resistance: Egyptian Military Activity in the Southern Levant. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1998.

Healy, M. and Mcbride, A. New Kingdom Egypt. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 1992.

Kadry, A. Officers and Officials in the New Kingdom. Studia Aegyptiaca 8. Budapest: Université Loránd Eötvös, 1982.

Kadry, A. "The Social Status and Education of Military Scribes in Egypt During the 18th Dynasty." Oikumene 5 (1986): 155-162.

Lundh, P. Actor and Event: Military Activity in Ancient Egyptian Narrative Texts from Tuthmosis II to Merneptah. Doctoral thesis. Uppsala: Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, 2002.

Manassa, C. The Great Karnak Inscription of Merneptah: Grand Strategy in the 13th Century BC. Yale Egyptological Studies 5. New Haven: Yale Egyptological Seminar, 2003.

Morris, E. F. The Architecture of Imperialism: Military Bases and the Evolution of Foreign Policy in Egypt's New Kingdom. Probleme der Ägyptologie 22. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2005.

Murnane, W. The Road to Kadesh: An Historical Interpretation of the Battle Reliefs of King Sety I at Karnak. Second ed., rev. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations 42. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1990.

Schulman, A. R. "The Battle Scenes of the Middle Kingdom." Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 12/4 (1982): 165-183.

Schulman, A. R. "Chariots, Chariotry and the Hyksos." Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 10/2 (1980): 105-153.

Schulman, A. R. "The Egyptian Chariotry: a Reexamination." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 2 (1963): 75-98.

Schulman, A. R. "Kings, Chronicles and Egyptian Mercenaries." Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar 5 (1983): 117-134.

Schulman, A. R. "Military Organization in Pharaonic Egypt." In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J. Sasson, 273-288. Volume 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1995.

Schulman, A. R. Military Rank, Title and Organization in the Egyptian New Kingdom. Munchner Ägyptologische Studien 6. Berlin: Bruno Hessling, 1964.

Schulman, A. R. "The N'RN at Kadesh Once Again." Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 11 (1981): 7-19.

Schulman, A. R. "The N'rn at the Battle of Kadesh." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 1 (1962): 25-47.

Shaw, I. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Shire Egyptology Series. Volume 16. Buckinghamshire: Shire Publications, 1999.

Spalinger, A. J. Aspects of the Military Documents of the Ancient Egyptians. Yale Near Eastern Researches 9. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.

Spalinger, A. J. "A Canaanite Ritual Found in Egyptian Military Reliefs." Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 8 (1978): 47-60.

Spalinger, A. "A Critical Analysis of the 'Annals' of Thutmose III (Stucke V-VI)." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 14 (1977): 41-54.

Spalinger, A. J. War in Ancient Egypt: The New Kingdom. Ancient World at War Series. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Professional, 2005.


Women: Social Status and Position

Allam, S. "Women as Owners of Immovables in Pharaonic Egypt." In Women's Earliest Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia, ed. B. Lesko, 123-39. Brown Judaic Studies, no. 166. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

Arnold, Dorothea. The Royal Women of Amarna: Images of Beauty from Ancient Egypt. New York: H. Abrams, Inc. for the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997.

Baines, J. and Eyre, C. "Four Notes on Literacy." Göttinger Miszellen 61 (1983): 65-96.

Baines, J. and Malek, J. "Women in Society." Chapter in Atlas of Ancient Egypt, 204-208. New York: Facts on File, 1980.

Barker, D. "The Place of Residence of the Divorced Wife in Roman Egypt." In Akten des 21. Internationalen Papyrologenkongresses Berlin, 13.-19.8.1995, eds., B. Kramer, et al, 59-66.

Bryan, B. "The Evidence for Female Literacy from Theban Tombs of the New Kingdom." Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar 6 (1984): 17-32.

Fischer, H. G. "Women in the Old Kingdom and the Heracleopolitan Period." In Women's Earliest Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia, ed. B. Lesko, 5-24. Brown Judaic Studies, no. 166. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

Hopkins, K. "Brother-Sister Marriage in Roman Egypt." Comparative Studies in Society and History 22 (1980): 303-354.

Johnson, J. H. Bibliography for "Women in Ancient Egypt." Located on the World Wide Web (Internet) on the pages of Diotìma: Materials for the Study of Women and Gender in the Ancient World, catalogued under "Ancient Near East".

Katary, S. L. D. "Land Tenure in the New Kingdom: The Role of Women, Smallholders and the Military." In Agriculture in Egypt: From Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. A. K. Bowman and E. Rogan, 61-82. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Lesko, B. The Remarkable Women of Ancient Egypt. Third edition, revised. Providence: B.C. Scribe Publications, 1996.

Lesko, B., editor. Women's Earliest Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia. Brown Judaic Studies, no. 166. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

Lesko, B. "Women's Monumental Mark on Ancient Egypt." Biblical Archaeologist 54/1 (March, 1991): 4-15.

McDowell, A. G. Village Life in Ancient Egypt: Laundry Lists and Love Songs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Menu, B. "Women and Business Life in the First Millennium B.C." In Women's Earliest Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia, ed. B. Lesko, 193-205. Brown Judaic Studies, no. 166. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

Lesko, B. "Women and Religion in Ancient Egypt." Located on the World Wide Web (Internet) on the pages of Diotìma: Materials for the Study of Women and Gender in the Ancient World, catalogued under "Essays".

Pestman, P. W. Marriage and Matrimonial Property in Ancient Egypt: A Contribution to Establishing the Legal Position of the Woman. Papyrologica Lugduno-Batava 9. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1961.

Pomeroy, S. Women in Hellenistic Egypt from Alexander to Cleopatra. New York: Schocken Books, 1984.

Robins, G. "The God's Wife of Amun in the Eighteenth Dynasty in Egypt." In Image of Women in Antiquity. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1983

Robins, G. "Some Images of Women in New Kingdom Art and Literature." In Women's Earliest Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia, ed. B. Lesko, 105-116. Brown Judaic Studies, no. 166. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.

Robins, G. Women in Ancient Egypt. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.

Tyldesley, J. A. Daughter of Isis: Women of Ancient Egypt. London: Viking Press, 1994.

Ward, W. "The Case of Mrs. Tchat and Her Sons at Beni Hasan." Göttinger Miszellen 71 (1984): 51-59.

Ward, W. "The Egyptian Economy and Non-royal Women: Their Status in Public Life" (1996). Essay located on the World Wide Web (Internet), including translations of 10 primary texts related to Egyptian women; URL: https://www.stoa.org/diotima/essays/wardlect.shtml.(click to open).

Watterson, B. Women in Ancient Egypt. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991.

Wilfong, T. Women and Gender in Ancient Egypt from Prehistory to Late Antiquity: An Exhibition at the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, 14 March-15 June 1997. Ann Arbor, Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, 1997.

Wilfong, T. "Women in the Ancient Near East: A Select Bibliography of Recent Sources in The Oriental Institute Research Archives." (1995). Located on the World Wide Web (Internet); URL: https://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/DEPT/RA/WOMEN.HTML. (click to open).