History 370.01
The Egyptian Empire

Working list: Classroom Visuals

    Themes and Topics
  1. Maps of Egypt and Nubia
  2. Land and Environment: Egypt and Nubia
  3. Language and Writing
  4. Egyptian Society and Social Structure
  5. Egyptian History: Predynastic and Archaic Periods
  6. Egyptian History: Old Kingdom and 1st Intermediate Period
  7. Egyptian History: Middle Kingdom and 2nd Intermediate Period
  8. New Kingdom: Dynasty 18
  9. New Kingdom: Amarna Period and Following
  10. New Kingdom: Dynasty 19
  11. New Kingdom: Dynasty 20
  12. Post-New Kingdom



MAPS OF EGYPT AND NUBIA

    Egypt
  1. Relief Map of Ancient Egypt and Western Asia
  2. Map of the Ancient Near East (color)
  3. Map of Egypt (color)
  4. Map of Egypt (black & white--for printing)
  5. Map: The Nile River Basin (sources of the Nile inundation)
  6. Map: Comparative Areas, Egypt and the U.S.
  7. Map of Modern Egypt (CIA)
  8. Reconstruction: Egyptian world view (color)
  9. Reconstruction: Egyptian world view--with Egyptian place names (color)
  10. Map: The nomes of Upper and Lower Egypt (b/w) Nome boundaries conjectured and standardized.
  11. Map: The nomes of the Delta (Lower Egypt) Exact nome boundaries unclear.
  12. Map: The nomes of Upper Egypt (color) Nome boundaries conjectured and standardized.
  13. Maps: Predynastic Egypt, Distribution of Sites across Periods
  14. Map: Three Proto-kingdoms of Upper Egypt (prior to the political consolidation of Upper Egypt under Hierakonpolis)
  15. Map: Pyramid-temple estates of King Snefru Locations of estates (pious foundations) throughout the country in relation to the pyramid and temple at Dahshur
  16. Map: Egyptian Delta in the Middle Kingdom
  17. Map: Egyptian Empire, New Kingdom
  18. Map: Invasion routes of the Sea People through the Near East

    Nubia
  1. Map: Ancient Nubia
  2. Map: Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Amenemhat I
  3. Map: Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Sesostris III
  4. Map: Second Intermediate Period Political Kingdoms along the Nile River



LAND AND ENVIRONMENT: EGYPT

  1. Drawing: Phases of the Sahara Desert, 120,000 BC to Present (color)
  2. Photo: Views of the Nile Delta from Space
  3. Drawing: Topographical Cross-section of the Nile Valley (color)
  4. Schematic Drawing: Nile Flood Plain, 3,500 B.C., Plan and Section (color)
  5. Photo: Pyramid of Medum and the Edge of the Cultivation
  6. Photo (Quicktime): West Bank of Thebes
  7. Photo: Panorama of West Bank of Thebes
  8. Photo: Modern Irrigation Canal, Western Thebes (Qurnah)
  9. Schematic Plan: Overview of Basin irrigation system: basins and canals (color)
  10. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--low water prior to inundation (color)
  11. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--opening the feeder canals (color)
  12. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--high water level (color)
  13. Animation: Basin System at Work (P. Piccione)
  14. Photo: Colossi of Memnon during Inundation, Western Thebes (Qurnah)
  15. Aerial Photo: Nile Inundation at Giza
  16. Photo: Nile Inundation near Giza Pyramids
  17. Aerial Photo: Nile Inundation at Dahshur (with island-village)
  18. Photo: Nile River, Low Water in Winter (Upper Egypt, facing northwest)
  19. Photo: Nile River, First Cataract, South of Aswan (color)
  20. Panoramic Photo: Nile River, Second Cataract and Environs, AD 1890 (b/w)
  21. Photo: Irrigation scene with shaduf: tomb of Ipuy (W. Thebes)
  22. Photo and Drawing: Comparison of ancient and modern shadufs, AD 1890 and tomb of Ipuy (14th century BC)



LANGUAGE AND WRITING

  1. Chart: Afro-Asiatic Languages
  2. Map: Distribution of Afro-Asiatic Languages
  3. Rosetta Stone, Ptolemy IV Epiphanes, 196 BC
  4. First Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Ivory Tags, Abydos, Dynasty 0, Tomb of King Scorpion
  5. Last Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Invocation to Merwel (Mandulis), Temple of Philae
  6. Egyptian Stela of Raneb
  7. Egyptian Stela of Senu (MMA)
  8. Photo and Drawing: Ancient Geological Map: Mines and Quarries of the Wadi Hammamat and Wadi Hammama, New Kingdom, Turin Museum (reconstructed drawing on modern papyrus)



EGYPTIAN SOCIETY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE

  1. Graph: Population of the Nile Valley, 5000 BC - AD 1000 (hypothetical)
  2. Chart: Hypothetical Demographic Development in Ancient Egypt (by Region), 4000 BC - 150 BC
  3. Drawing: Schematic View of the Egyptian Civil (Solar) Calendar
  4. Chart: Rate of Daily Slippage between Egyptian Solar Calendar (365 days) and Lunar Calendar (354 days)
  5. Chart: Comparison of Months of the Solar and Lunar Calendars with Coptic Month-names
  6. Chart: The Sothic Cycle Resulting from Daily Slippage between Solar Year (365 days) and Sidereal (Natural) Year (365.25 days)
  7. Diagram: Structure of Egyptian society: King as focus of society, around whom orbit the social classes



EGYPTIAN HISTORY: PREDYNASTIC AND ARCHAIC PERIODS

  1. Drawing: Ivory Knife-handle, Gebel el-Arak, Egypt. Mesopotamian motives: master of animals (= Sumerian en) and preying animals, and Mesopotamian-like ships with upraised prows and sterns
  2. Drawing: Ivory Knife-handle, Gebel el-Tarif, Egypt. Mesopotamian motives: entwined serpents, rosettes, winged griffin, and preying animals
  3. Drawing: Scorpion Macehead, Hierakonpolis. Relief depicting King Scorpion of Hierakonpolis in the ritual of cutting open a dike or canal; dead rekhyt-birds on standards represent defeated people of the Delta-region.
  4. Drawing: Narmer Palette, Hierakonpolis. Left side depicts Narmer as King of Upper Egypt performing the ritual execution of a Lower Egyptian captive. The right side depicts him as King of Lower Egypt inspecting ten decapitated corpses.
  5. Drawing: Reconstruction of mastaba of King Djet, Saqqara, Dynasty 1
  6. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Hierakonpolis, Dynasty 2
  7. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Hierakonpolis, detail of niched-brick panelled facade
  8. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Abydos, Dynasty 2
  9. Photo: Boat-graves of Khasekhemwy, Abydos, Dynasty 2



EGYPTIAN HISTORY: OLD KINGDOM AND 1ST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD

  1. Drawing: 3-D Reconstruction of simplified Old Kingdom mastaba (color)
  2. Drawing: Evolution of Pyramid Architecture from mastaba through step pyramid to true pyramid (Dynasties 1-4)
  3. Plan: Step Pyramid Complex of King Djoser, Saqqara, Dynasty 3
  4. Photo: Satellite Photograph of Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser
  5. Photo: Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser, enclosure wall and main entrance
  6. Animation: Step Pyramid of King Djoser, Saqqara, Dynasty 3: five building from simple mastaba to step pyramid (color)
  7. Drawing: Section of Step Pyramid of King Djoser with five building phases (color)
  8. Photo: Pyramid of Huni at Medum
  9. Drawing: Section of Pyramid of Huni at Medum, Dynasty 3-4: detailing alteration from step pyramid to true pyramid (b/w)
  10. Photo: Bent Pyramid of Snefru at Dahshur, Dynasty 4
  11. Photo: Statuette of King Khufu (Louvre)
  12. Photo: Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) at Giza (photo by Francis Frith)
  13. Photo: Giza, Pyramids of Khufu's Queens and Boat-graves
  14. Photo: Giza, mastabas of the Old Kingdom (from top of Khufu's pyramid)
  15. Photo: Giza, Pyramid of Khafre and mortuary temple (from top of Khufu's pyramid)
  16. Drawing: Reconstruction of the Pyramids of Abu Sir, Dynasty 5 (color)
  17. Drawing: Reconstruction of the sun-temple of King Neuserre at Abu Ghurob (Dynasty 5) with benben as cult-focus (color)
  18. Drawing: 3-D Reconstruction of pyramid and pyramid temple of King Unas, Saqqara, Dynasty 5 (color)
  19. Photo: Satellite Photograph of Pyramid Complex of Unas



EGYPTIAN HISTORY: MIDDLE KINGDOM, NUBIA, AND 2ND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD

  1. Photo: Mortuary temples of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II and Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari (Dynasty 11, Western Thebes)
  2. Plan and reconstruction of the mortuary temple and tomb of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II at Deir el-Bahari (Dynasty 11, Western Thebes)
  3. Photo: Statue of Deified King Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II (Deir el-Bahari temple and tomb)
  4. Photo: Statue of King Amenemhat (Karnak temple)
  5. Photo: Statue of Sesostris I (MMA-New York)
  6. Photo: Statuary of Sesostris III
  7. Photo: Model of Nubian Archers Marching (Madjay (Cairo Museum)
  8. Map: Nubia, Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Amenemhat I
  9. Plan: Nubia, Fort of Buhen
  10. Photo: Nubia, Ruins of Fort of Buhen (colorized)
  11. Map: Nubia, Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Sesostris III
  12. Drawing: Nubia, Semna and Kumma Forts (Nubia)
  13. Drawing: Nubia, Plan and Reconstruction, Fort of Shalfak
  14. Map: Second Intermediate Period Political Kingdoms along the Nile River
  15. Photo: head of the mummy of King Seqenenre Tao II (Thebes, Dyn. 17)
  16. Photo: Second Stela of Kamose (Dyn. 17)



NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 18

  1. Photo: Statuette of Queen Ahmes-Nefertari
  2. Genealogical Chart: 18th Dynasty Royal Family (color)
  3. Photo: Statue of Amenhotep I
  4. Photo: Statue of Queen Ahmes Meritamun (British Museum)
  5. Photo: Statue of Thutmose I
  6. Drawing: Relief of Queen Ahmes, Mother of Hatshepsut (drawn by Howard Carter, Temple of Deir el-Bahari)
  7. Photo: Seated Statue of Queen Hatshepsut
  8. Photo: Obelisk of Queen Hatshepsut, decorated pyramidion, Karnak Temple
  9. Photo: Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, Western Thebes
  10. Drawing: Reconstruction of Temples of Deir el-Bahari, Western Thebes
  11. Photo: Statue of Thutmose III
  12. Photo: Statue of Thutmose III (close-up)
  13. Map: Egyptian Empire, New Kingdom
  14. Photo: Statue of Amenhotep II
  15. Photo: Statue of Thutmose IV
  16. Plan: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  17. Drawing: Reconstruction of Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak (color)
  18. Photo: First Pylon-gateway of the Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  19. Photo: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak from above First Court
  20. Photo: Columns of the Hypostyle Hall, Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  21. Photo: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak from Sacred Lake
  22. Photo: Gold Cult-statue of of Amun-Ra, King of the Gods
  23. Drawing: Procession of the Portable Bark-shrine of Amun-Ra, Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak, Dyn. 30 (wall relief, sanctuary facade)
  24. Photo: Pylons and Entrance of Luxor Temple (Temple of Amun-Kamutef)
  25. Drawing: Reconstruction of Luxor Temple

  26. Drawing: Captured Peoples of the Egyptian Empire (personification of the "Nine Bows"-enemies), from the throne dais of Amenhotep III
  27. Photo: Nubians Bringing Tribute to Egypt (tomb of Sebekhotep)
  28. Photo: Egyptianized Nubian Princess and Retinue Come in Homage to King Tutankhamun (tomb of Huy)
  29. Photo: Wall Scene of Nubian Princes and Princesses Bringing Tribute to Tutankhamun (tomb of Huy)



NEW KINGDOM: AMARNA PERIOD AND FOLLOWING

  1. Photo: Colossi of Memnon: Monumental statues of Amenhotep III, Qurnah, Western Thebes (during inundation pre-1962)
  2. Photos: Stela of Amenhotep III (old) vs. Statue of Deified Amenhotep III Rejuvenated
  3. Photo: Statue of Cult Image of Deified Amenhotep III (red quartzite), the "Dazzling Aten of All Lands" (Luxor Museum)
  4. Photos: Statues of Akhenaten and Nefertiti (Cairo Museum and Louvre)
  5. Photo: Carved Relief, Akhenaten and Nefertiti Offering Water Jars to the Aten, Followed by Daughter
  6. Photos: Depictions of the Goddess Ma'at, "Truth"
  7. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak, disassembled and mixed
  8. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak, reconstructed and assembled
  9. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak: preparing food offerings, making beer
  10. Photo: Amarna Tablet no. 365: Letter of Biridiya, Prince of Megiddo, to the King of Egypt (expressing loyalty and cooperation)
  11. Photo: Statuette of King Tutankhamun as the God Nefertem (Cairo Museum)
  12. Photo: Wall Scene of Tutankhamun Enthroned Receiving Nubian Vassals (tomb of Huy)
  13. Drawing: Reconstruction of the Tombs of Horemheb, Maya and Tiya at Saqqara



NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 19

  1. Photo: Mummy of Ramesses II (Cairo Museum)
  2. Drawing: Reconstruction of the City of Thebes (from South), reign of Ramesses II



NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 20

  1. Map: Invasion routes of the Sea People through the Near East
  2. Photo: Medinet Habu Temple pylon
  3. Drawing: Egyptian land battle against the Sea People in Canaan
  4. Photo: Relief of Egyptian naval battle against Sea People (Medinet Habu)
  5. Drawing: Detail of Pelest Warriors (Philistines), Naval battle against the Sea People (Medinet Habu)
  6. Drawing: Relief of Egyptian naval battle against Sea People (Medinet Habu)



EGYPTIAN HISTORY: POST-NEW KINGDOM

  1. Photo: Stela of Shabako, Memphite Theology (British Museum)
  2. Photo: Ushabties of Kings Taharqa and Seti I (British Museum)


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