Chronology of Mesopotamia
N.B.: all dates are B.C. and approximate and subject to revision.

Ubaid Period5000-4000
    4500
    Tell Hamoukar (urban center, N. Mesopotamia)
Proto-Literate Period4000-2900
    Early Uruk Period
    4000-3500
    4000
    trade contacts with N. Mesopotamia, Syria, Arabia
    3750
    founding of Uruk
    Late Uruk Period
    3500-3200
    colonization of N. Mesopotamia
    3300
    invention of writing (Uruk)
    Jemdet Nasr Period
    3200-2900
    initial trade contacts with Egypt

Early Dynastic Period2900-2334
    Sumerian civilization

Akkadian Empire2334-2154
    Sargonic period

Guti Interregnum2154-2112
    conquest of Akkad
    2154
    liberation of Sumer
    2120

Third Dynasty of Ur2112-2004
    Sumerian empire
    fall of Ur (Elamites)
2004

Isin-Larsa Period2025-1887
    Dynasty of Larsa (Amorite)
2025-1863
    Dynasty of Isin (Sumero-Akkadian)
2017-1887

Old Assyria2025-1365
    Amorites found Assyria
2025
    Old Babylonian conquest
1753
    Assyrian independence
1715
    Mitanni conquest
1500-1365

Old Babylonian Period1994-1595
    Babylon Dynasty 1: Amorite
    Hammurabi
1792-1750
    conquest of Assyria
1753
    Hittites sack Babylon
1595

Dynasty of the Sea-Land1700-1570

Middle Babylonia1570-689
    Dynasty 3: Kassite
1570-1225
    Assyrian domination
1225-1186
    Babylonian independence
1186-1157
    Elamite conquest
1157-1156
    Dynasties 4-9
1156-689

Middle Assyria1365-883
    absorption of Mitanni
1274
    conquest of Babylon
1225-1186

Neo-Assyria883-609
    conquest of Babylon
689-625
    conquest of Egypt
671-663
    fall of Nineveh (Chaldeans)
609

Neo-Babylonia625-539
    Dynasty 10: Chaldean
    conquest of Assyria
609-539
    fall of Babylon (Medes)
539

Persian Empire547-331
    Achaemenid Dynasty
    conquest of Troy
547
    conquest of Ionia
546-478
    conquest of Babylon
539
    1st conquest of Egypt
525-404
    conquest of Macedonia
492
    sack of Babylon (Persians)
482
    1st Persian War
499-490
    2nd Persian War
480-479
    liberation of Ionia
478
    campaign of Xenophon
401
    2nd conquest of Egypt
343-332
    Macedonian invasion
334
    liberation of Egypt
332
    fall of Babylon (Macedonians)
331

Macedonian Empire334-305
    reign of Alexander
334-323
    era of the Diadochi
323-305

Seleucid Kingdom305-63
    fall of Babylon (Parthians)
126
    Roman conquest
63