Working list: Classroom Visuals

    Themes and Topics
  1. Maps of Egypt, Near East and Nubia
  2. Satellite Imagery: Egypt and Nile Valley
  3. Land and Environment
  4. Nile River, Inundation and Irrigation
  5. Cities, Places and Locations
  6. Historiography and Methods
  7. Creation Mythologies and Cosmologies
  8. Calendars and Chronology
  9. Language and Writing
  10. Egyptian Society and Social Structure
  11. Egyptian History: Predynastic and Archaic Periods
  12. Egyptian History: Old Kingdom and 1st Intermediate Period
  13. Egyptian History: Middle Kingdom and 2nd Intermediate Period
  14. New Kingdom: Dynasty 18
  15. New Kingdom: Amarna Period and Following
  16. New Kingdom: Dynasty 19
  17. New Kingdom: Dynasty 20
  18. Post-New Kingdom


MAPS OF EGYPT, NEAR EAST AND NUBIA

    Egypt
  1. Relief Map of Ancient Egypt and Western Asia
  2. Map: The Ancient Near East (color)
  3. Map of the Ancient Near East (color)
  4. Map: The Nile River Basin (sources of the Nile inundation)
  5. Map of Egypt (color)
  6. Map of Egypt (black & white--for printing)
  7. Map: Comparative Area Nile River and the United States
  8. Map: Nile Valley: Egypt and Nubia & arable lands, NATGEO (color)
  9. Map of Modern Egypt (CIA)

  10. Map: Nile Delta in the Middle Kingdom
  11. Map: Nile Delta: 7 Branches of the Ancient Nile River
  12. Map: Nile Delta: Ancient Coastline during the Old Kingdom

  13. Reconstruction: Egyptian world view (color)
  14. Reconstruction: Egyptian world view--with Egyptian place names (color)

  15. Map: The nomes of Upper and Lower Egypt (b/w) Nome boundaries conjectured and standardized.
  16. Map: The nomes of the Delta (Lower Egypt) Exact nome boundaries unclear.
  17. Map: The nomes of Upper Egypt (color) Nome boundaries conjectured and standardized.

  18. Map: Egyptian Empire, New Kingdom
  19. Map: Invasion routes of the Sea People through the Near East

    Nubia
  1. Map: Red Sea Routes to Punt (suggested locations)
  2. Map: Eastern Mediterranean, Egypt, Kush and Punt
  3. Map: Ancient Nubia
  4. Map: Second Intermediate Period Political Kingdoms along the Nile River


SATELLITE IMAGERY: EGYPT AND THE NILE VALLEY

  1. Photo: The Black Sea
  2. Photo: The Black Sea: Hypothetical reconstruction of lake before alleged flooding (river courses conjectured)

  3. Satellite Photo: Nile Valley Looking South to North
  4. Satellite Photo: Nile Valley, View West to East
  5. Satellite Photo: Nile Valley and the Red Sea
  6. Satellite Photos: Views of the Nile Delta from Space
  7. Satellite Map and Overlay: Luxor-Farshut Desert Roads Network
  8. Satellite Photo: Modern Luxor and WesternThebes

  9. Composite Aerial Photo: Comparison of Khufu's Great Pyramid and College of Charleston campus
  10. Composite Aerial Photo: Comparison of Karnak Temple and College of Charleston campus
  11. Composite Aerial Photo: Comparison of the Fort of Buhen and College of Charleston campus


LAND AND ENVIRONMENT

  1. Drawing: Phases of the Sahara Desert, 120,000 BC to Present (color)
  2. Photo: Views of the Nile Delta from Space
  3. Photo: Red Sea, Beach at Quseir (and excavations)

  4. Drawing: Topographical Cross-section of the Nile Valley (color)
  5. Schematic Drawing: Nile Flood Plain, 3,500 B.C., Plan and Section (color)

  6. Photo: Partially Collapsed Pyramid of Medum (and the Edge of the Cultivation)
  7. Photo: Middle Egypt Lush Oasis

  8. Photo (Quicktime): West Bank of Thebes
  9. Photo: Panorama of West Bank of Thebes
  10. Photo: Wadi Hammamat, Eastern Desert
  11. Composite Drawing: Turin Papyrus, Map of Wadi Hammamat (Dynasty 19)

  12. SLIDESHOW: The Sadd el-Kafara Dam, Wadi el-Garawi (Dynasty 4) [N.B.: Requires Microsoft PowerPoint.]


NILE RIVER, INUNDATION AND IRRIGATION

  1. Schematic Drawing: Nile Flood Plain, 3,500 B.C., Plan and Section (color)
  2. Animation: Nile River Inundation in Upper Egypt (hypothetical)
  3. Animation: Inundation of Flood Plain at Work
  4. Schematic Plan: Overview of Basin Irrigation System: basins and canals (color)
  5. Animation: Basin System at Work
  6. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--low water prior to inundation (color)
  7. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--opening the feeder canals (color)
  8. Reconstruction: Basin irrigation system--high water level (color)

  9. Aerial Photo: Nile Inundation at Giza
  10. Photo: Nile Inundation near Giza Pyramids
  11. Aerial Photo: Nile Inundation at Dahshur (with island-village)

  12. Photo: Modern Irrigation Canal, Western Thebes (Qurnah)
  13. Photo: Riverbank Village, Nile Levee, Upper Egypt
  14. Photo: Riparian Lands and Fields, High Water (Summer),

  15. Photo: Nile River, High Water (Summer), Luxor West Bank (facing south)
  16. Photo: Nile River, Low Water (Winter) (Upper Egypt, facing northwest)
  17. Sequential Series: Colossi of Memnon at Inundation and Reconstruction of Temple of Amenhotep III, Kom el-Hetan, Western Thebes (Qurnah)
  18. Photo: Nile River, First Cataract, South of Aswan (color)
  19. Panoramic Photo: Nile River, Second Cataract and Environs, AD 1890 (colorized)

  20. Photo: White Chapel of Sesostris I, Karnak Temple
  21. Photo and Text: White Chapel of Sesostris I and Text of Ideal the Nile inundation
  22. Photo: Irrigation scene with shaduf: tomb of Ipuy (W. Thebes)
  23. Photo and Drawing: Comparison of ancient and modern shadufs, AD 1890 and tomb of Ipuy (14th century BC)


CITIES, PLACES AND LOCATIONS

    Memphis:
  1. Map: Ruins of Memphis, 19th Century (Lepsius and Reil)
  2. Satellite Photo: Site of Memphis Today: Mit Rahina and Badrasheen
  3. Composite Image: Overlay Plan of Ancient Memphis on Modern Mit Rahina (click image to toggle series).
  4. Drawing: Reconstruction, Ancient Memphis, aerial view (7th century BC)
  5. Satellite Photo: Site of Memphis (oblique view to northwest)
  6. Composite Image: Reconstruction of Ancient Memphis Overlayed on Modern Mit Rahina
  7. Photo: Memphis (Tell el-Qala): Temple of Ptah, Western Hypostyle Hall of Ramesses II

    Giza ("Lost City"):
  8. Geoarchaeological Map: "Lost City" of the Pyramids, Giza and Location of River Channels, Old Kingdom and Later (after Butzer, JAS 40 [2013]).
  9. Geoarchaeological Map: "Lost City" of the Pyramids, Giza and Location of River Channels, Old Kingdom and Later (after Butzer, JAS 40 [2013]).
  10. Geoarchaeological Map: "Lost City" of the Pyramids, Giza and Location of River Channels, Old Kingdom and Later (after Butzer, JAS 40 [2013]).
  11. Geoarchaeological Map: "Lost City" of the Pyramids, Giza and Location of River Channels, Old Kingdom and Later (after Butzer, JAS 40 [2013]).
  12. Area Map: "Lost City" of the Pyramids and Workers' Town (after Butzer, JAS 40 [2013]).

    Thebes and Thebaid:
  13. Map: Shifting of the Theban Nile
  14. Plans: Shifting of the Theban Nile
  15. Drawing: Reconstruction, Ancient Thebes, Luxor Temple and Avenue of Sphinxes (13th century BC)
  16. Drawing: Reconstruction, Temple Complex of Amun-Ra at Karnak (color)
  17. Drawing: Flow of the Nile over Time and Expansion of Karnak Temple (after Bunberry)
  18. Drawing: Reconstruction, East and West Banks of Thebes, aerial view (6th century BC)
  19. Photo: Panorama of West Bank of Thebes
  20. Photo (Quicktime): West Bank of Thebes
  21. Drawing: Reconstruction, Temples of Deir el-Bahari (Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Mentuhotep II), Western Thebes (15th century BC)
  22. Drawing: Reconstruction, Walled Town of Deir el-Medina, Workmen's Village, Western Thebes (15th century BC)
  23. Photo: Wadi Hammamat, Eastern Desert

    Alexandria:
  24. Plan: Alexandria, Ancient and Modern (overlay)
  25. Drawing: Reconstruction, Pharos Lighthouse


HISTORIOGRAPHY AND METHODS

  1. Sources and Approaches to the Study of Egyptian Culture
  2. Kinglist:Palermo Stone. Stela, Palermo Museum, Dyn. 5, large fragment (photo)
  3. Kinglist:Palermo Stone. Stela, Palermo Museum, large fragment. Transcription, 3 top registers, Dyn. 5 (drawing)
  4. Kinglist:Palermo Stone. Stela, Palermo Museum, large fragment. Transcription, 3 bottom registers, Dyn. 5 (drawing)
  5. Turin Canon of Kings, Deir el-Medina, Dyn. 19, fragment (photo)
  6. Turin Canon of Kings, Deir el-Medina, Dyn. 19, fragment (drawing)
  7. Abydos Kinglist of Sety I, Temple of Seti I, Dyn. 19, complete (drawing)
  8. Abydos Kinglist of Sety I, Temple of Seti I, Dyn. 19, right end, detail (drawing)

  9. Photo: Archaeological Survey: Mapping the Giza Plateau (O.I. Giza Plateau Mapping Project)
  10. Photo: Epigraphy, Copying Wall Inscriptions in a Theban Tomb (Theban Tombs Publication Project)
  11. Photo: Epigraphy, Copying Column Inscriptions in the temple of Luxor (O.I. Epigraphic Survey, Chicago House)
  12. Photo: Epigraphy, Photographing Wall Inscriptions in a Theban Tomb (Theban Tombs Publication Project)


CREATION MYTHOLOGIES AND COSMOLOGIES

  1. Chart: Egyptian Cosmogony of Heliopolis
  2. Photo (composite): Shabaka Stone: Memphite Theology
  3. Photo: Wall Painting of Ra in boat (tomb of Sennedjem)
  4. Photo: Statuette of Tutankhamun as Nefertem
  5. Photo: Statuette of Ptah (Tutankhamun)
  6. Drawing: Egyptian Conception of Cosmos (plan)
  7. Drawing from papyrus: Shu (air) Separates Geb (earth) from Nut (sky)
  8. Drawing: Schematic Conception of Heaven, Earth and Netherworld (elevation)


CALENDARS AND CHRONOLOGY

  1. Drawing: Astronomical Ceiling, Tomb of Senenmut (ca. 1488 BC)
  2. Drawing: Ceiling Detail: Constellation Orion and Star Sirius
  3. Photo: Constellation Orion and Star Sirius in the Southern Sky (click on image to animate labels)
  4. Photo-montage: Orion-Sah and Sirius-Sopdet in the Southern Sky

  5. Animation: Demonstration of Heliacal Rising of Sothis/Sirius (Peret Sopdet), Memphis, July 6, 1991, 4:50 am UT (= 6:55 am standard local time). Extracted from Sky View Café (skyviewcafe.com).
  6. Utility: Sky View Café.com. Demonstrate and explore astronomical events and observations in the past and present.; perform exercises in Egyptian calendrics.

  7. Drawing: Lunar Calendar with Concurrent Rotating Civil (Solar) Calendar (animation)
  8. Egyptian Solar (Civil) Calendar: Seasons, Months and Days
  9. Concordance of Calendars: Gregorian and Egyptian Solar (Civil) Calendars
  10. Chart: New Kingdom Regnal Year Dating (Issues)
  11. Chart: Rate of Daily Slippage between Egyptian Solar Calendar (365 days) and Lunar Calendar (av. 354 days)
  12. Chart: Comparison of Months of the Solar and Lunar Calendars with Coptic Month-names
  13. Chart: The Sothic Cycle Resulting from Daily Slippage between Solar Year (365 days) and Sidereal (Natural) Year (365.25 days)


LANGUAGE AND WRITING

  1. Chart: Afro-Asiatic Languages
  2. Map: Distribution of Afro-Asiatic Languages

  3. Rosetta Stone, Ptolemy IV Epiphanes, 196 BC
  4. First Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Ivory Tags, Abydos, Dynasty 0, Tomb of King Scorpion
  5. Last Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Invocation to Merwel (Mandulis), Temple of Philae

  6. Egyptian Stela of Raneb
  7. Egyptian Stela of Senu (MMA)
  8. Photo and Drawing: Ancient Geological Map: Mines and Quarries of the Wadi Hammamat and Wadi Hammama, New Kingdom, Turin Museum (reconstructed drawing on modern papyrus)


EGYPTIAN SOCIETY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE

  1. Graph: Population of the Nile Valley, 5000 BC - AD 1000 (hypothetical)
  2. Chart: Hypothetical Demographic Development in Ancient Egypt (by Region), 4000 BC - 150 BC

  3. Diagram: Structure of Egyptian society: King as focus of society, around whom orbit the social classes


EGYPTIAN HISTORY: PREDYNASTIC AND ARCHAIC PERIODS

  1. Map: Three Proto-kingdoms of Upper Egypt Prior to the political consolidation of Upper Egypt under Hierakonpolis
  2. Photo: Abydos, Tomb U-j, Horus Scorpion (Naqada IId/IIIa)

  3. Drawing: Ivory Knife-handle, Gebel el-Arak, Egypt. Mesopotamian motives: master of animals (= Sumerian en) and preying animals, and Mesopotamian-like ships with upraised prows and sterns.
  4. Drawing: Ivory Knife-handle, Gebel el-Tarif, Egypt. Mesopotamian motives: entwined serpents, rosettes, winged griffin, and preying animals.
  5. Drawing: Tomb 100, Hierakonpolis (Painted Tomb). Date, Naqada IIc (Dynasty 0). Painted wall with scenes of boating, hunting, rituals and warfare with iconic leadership and unification symbology.
  6. Drawing: Scorpion Macehead, Hierakonpolis. Relief depicting King Scorpion of Hierakonpolis in the ritual of cutting open a dike or canal; dead rekhyt-birds on standards represent defeated people, usually of the Delta-region.

  7. Drawing: Narmer Palette, Hierakonpolis. Left side depicts Narmer as King of Upper Egypt performing the ritual execution of a Lower Egyptian captive. The right side depicts him as King of Lower Egypt inspecting ten decapitated corpses.
  8. Photo: Aha-Men Ivory Label, Naqada. Carved label, top register with boat and name of King Horus Aha in serekh. To right, pavilion with Nebty-name Men (Menes).
  9. Drawing: Reconstruction of mastaba of King Djet, Saqqara, Dynasty 1

  10. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Hierakonpolis, Dynasty 2
  11. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Hierakonpolis, detail of niched-brick panelled facade
  12. Photo: Funerary Enclosure of Khasekhem, Abydos, Dynasty 2
  13. Photo: Boat-graves of Khasekhemwy, Abydos, Dynasty 2


EGYPTIAN HISTORY: OLD KINGDOM AND 1ST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD

  1. Drawing: 3-D Reconstruction of simplified Old Kingdom mastaba (color)
  2. Drawing: Evolution of Pyramid Architecture from mastaba through step pyramid to true pyramid (Dynasties 1-4)
  3. Plan: Step Pyramid Complex of King Djoser, Saqqara, Dynasty 3
  4. Photo: Satellite Photograph of Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser
  5. Photo: Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser, enclosure wall and main entrance
  6. Animation: Step Pyramid of King Djoser, Saqqara, Dynasty 3: five building from simple mastaba to step pyramid (color)
  7. Drawing: Section of Step Pyramid of King Djoser with five building phases (color)

  8. Photo: Pyramid of Huni at Medum
  9. Drawing: Section of Pyramid of Huni at Medum, Dynasty 3-4: detailing alteration from step pyramid to true pyramid (b/w)
  10. Photo: Bent Pyramid of Snefru at Dahshur, Dynasty 4

  11. Photo: Statuette of King Khufu (Louvre)
  12. Photo: Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) at Giza (photo by Francis Frith)
  13. Photo: Giza, Pyramids of Khufu's Queens and Boat-graves
  14. Photo: Giza, mastabas of the Old Kingdom (from top of Khufu's pyramid)
  15. Photo: Giza, Pyramid of Khafre and mortuary temple (from top of Khufu's pyramid)

  16. Drawing: Reconstruction of the Pyramids of Abu Sir, Dynasty 5 (color)
  17. Drawing: Reconstruction of the sun-temple of King Neuserre at Abu Ghurob (Dynasty 5) with benben as cult-focus (color)
  18. Drawing: 3-D Reconstruction of pyramid and pyramid temple of King Unas, Saqqara, Dynasty 5 (color)
  19. Photo: Satellite Photograph of Pyramid Complex of Unas


EGYPTIAN HISTORY: MIDDLE KINGDOM, NUBIA, AND 2ND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD

  1. Photo: Mortuary temples of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II and Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari (Dynasty 11, Western Thebes)
  2. Plan and reconstruction of the mortuary temple and tomb of Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II at Deir el-Bahari (Dynasty 11, Western Thebes)
  3. Photo: Statue of Deified King Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II (Deir el-Bahari temple and tomb)

  4. Photo: Statue of King Amenemhat (Karnak temple)
  5. Photo: Statue of Sesostris I (MMA-New York)
  6. Photo: Statuary of Sesostris III

  7. Photo: Model of Nubian Archers Marching, Madjay, Shock Troops (from a tomb in Middle Egypt, Cairo Museum)

  8. Map: Nubia, Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Amenemhat I
  9. Map: Nubia, Second Cataract Region: The Forts of Sesostris III

  10. Overlay-Aerial Photo: Comparison of Buhen (Barbican and Citadel) and College of Charleston campus
  11. Photo: Nubia, Ruins of Fort of Buhen (colorized)
  12. Plan: Fort of Buhen, Outer Walls and Citadel (link to CofC overlay)
  13. Overlay-Aerial Photo: Comparison of Buhen Fort and College of Charleston campus
  14. Plan: Fort of Buhen (Detail: Barbican and Citadel)
  15. Photo: 3-Dimensional Reconstruction Buhen from the East (river)
  16. Composite Photos: Fort of Buhen (color)

  17. Drawing: Nubia, Semna and Kumma Forts (Nubia)
  18. Drawing: Nubia, Plan and Reconstruction, Fort of Shalfak

  19. Map: Second Intermediate Period Political Kingdoms along the Nile River
  20. Photo: head of the mummy of King Seqenenre Tao II (Thebes, Dyn. 17)
  21. Photo: Second Stela of Kamose (Dyn. 17)


NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 18

  1. Photo: Coffin of Queen Ahhotep (Dyn. 17), montage. Cairo Museum.
  2. Photo: Gold flies of Queen Ahhotep (Dyn. 17), awarded three times as Egypt's highest military decoration. Cairo Museum.
  3. Photo: Statuette of Queen Ahmes-Nefertari
  4. Genealogical Chart: 18th Dynasty Royal Family (color)
  5. Photo: Statue of Amenhotep I
  6. Photo: Statue of Queen Ahmes Meritamun (British Museum)
  7. Photo: Statue of Thutmose I
  8. Drawing: Relief of Queen Ahmes, Mother of Hatshepsut (drawn by Howard Carter, Temple of Deir el-Bahari)
  9. Photo: Seated Statue of Queen Hatshepsut
  10. Photo: Obelisk of Queen Hatshepsut, decorated pyramidion, Karnak Temple
  11. Photo: Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, Western Thebes
  12. Drawing: Reconstruction of Temples of Deir el-Bahari, Western Thebes
  13. Map: Egyptian Empire, New Kingdom
  14. Photo: Statue of Thutmose III
  15. Photo: Statue of Thutmose III (close-up)
  16. Photo: Statue of Amenhotep II
  17. Photo: Statue of Thutmose IV

  18. Plan: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  19. Drawing: Reconstruction of Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak (color)
  20. Photo: First Pylon-gateway of the Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  21. Photo: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak from above First Court
  22. Photo: Columns of the Hypostyle Hall, Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak
  23. Photo: Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak from Sacred Lake
  24. Photo: Gold Cult-statue of of Amun-Ra, King of the Gods
  25. Drawing: Procession of the Portable Bark-shrine of Amun-Ra, Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak, Dyn. 30 (wall relief, sanctuary facade)

  26. Photo: Pylons and Entrance of Luxor Temple (Temple of Amun-Kamutef)
  27. Drawing: Reconstruction of Luxor Temple

  28. Drawing: Captured Peoples of the Egyptian Empire (personification of the "Nine Bows"-enemies), from the throne dais of Amenhotep III
  29. Photo: Nubians Bringing Tribute to Egypt (tomb of Sebekhotep)
  30. Photo: Egyptianized Nubian Princess and Retinue Come in Homage to King Tutankhamun (tomb of Huy)
  31. Photo: Wall Scene of Nubian Princes and Princesses Bringing Tribute to Tutankhamun (tomb of Huy)


NEW KINGDOM: AMARNA PERIOD AND FOLLOWING

  1. Photo: Colossi of Memnon: Monumental statues of Amenhotep III, Qurnah, Western Thebes (during inundation pre-1962)
  2. Photos: Stela of Amenhotep III (old) vs. Statue of Deified Amenhotep III Rejuvenated
  3. Photo: Statue of Cult Image of Deified Amenhotep III (red quartzite), the "Dazzling Aten of All Lands" (Luxor Museum)
  4. Photos: Statues of Akhenaten and Nefertiti (Cairo Museum and Louvre)
  5. Photo: Carved Relief, Akhenaten and Nefertiti Offering Water Jars to the Aten, Followed by Daughter
  6. Photos: Depictions of the Goddess Ma'at, "Truth"

  7. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak, disassembled and mixed
  8. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak, reconstructed and assembled
  9. Photo: Decorated Talatat-blocks from the Temple of the Aten at Karnak: preparing food offerings, making beer
  10. Photo: Amarna Tablet no. 365: Letter of Biridiya, Prince of Megiddo, to the King of Egypt (expressing loyalty and cooperation)

  11. Photo: Statuette of King Tutankhamun as the God Nefertem (Cairo Museum)
  12. Photo: Wall Scene of Tutankhamun Enthroned Receiving Nubian Vassals (tomb of Huy)
  13. Drawing: Reconstruction of the Tombs of Horemheb, Maya and Tiya at Saqqara


NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 19

  1. Photo: Mummy of Ramesses II (Cairo Museum)
  2. Drawing: Reconstruction of the City of Thebes (from South), reign of Ramesses II


NEW KINGDOM: DYNASTY 20

  1. Map: Invasion routes of the Sea People through the Near East
  2. Photo: Medinet Habu Temple pylon
  3. Drawing: Egyptian land battle against the Sea People in Canaan
  4. Photo: Relief of Egyptian naval battle against Sea People (Medinet Habu)
  5. Drawing: Detail of Pelest Warriors (Philistines), Naval battle against the Sea People (Medinet Habu)
  6. Drawing: Relief of Egyptian naval battle against Sea People (Medinet Habu)


EGYPTIAN HISTORY: POST-NEW KINGDOM

  1. Photo: Stela of Shabako, Memphite Theology (British Museum)
  2. Photo: Ushabties of Kings Taharqa and Seti I (British Museum)

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